Centre of South Asian Studies: Archive

Handlist of Papers - B

BACSA PAPERS

Given by the British Association for Cemetries in South Asia

Small Collections Box 2

Pamphlet: 'The South Park Street Cemetery, Calcutta'. 20pp, nd

BAGNALL PAPERS

Given by Mrs. Ruth Bagnall

Ceylon 1946 - 1949

TS memoir 'Serendipity or three happy years in Ceylon (1946-1949)' by Ruth Randall (pseud.) Memoir of the wife of a Rubber Planter in Ceylon on the estate owned by Mr. Banff Fraser.
- Ch. 1. Voyage out - Rough and difficult at first - immediate reaction on arrival at hotel - sight, sound and service. Describes going round the bazaar shopping, a dance in the hotel etc. Describes first impressions vividly.
- Ch. 2. Journey to Galle - Station scene - description of arriving amid bustle and her nervousness at it all. Country scenes and scenery.
- Ch. 3. Housekeeping at Hangaranwela: description of bungalow, garden and farm. Different servants and their work.
- Ch. 4. Daily domestic life on the rubber plantation. Planters' attitudes: finance.
- Ch. 5. New car: description of Galle, shops and Planters' Club. Social life.
- Ch. 6. Social customs and varying social contacts. A tragic death.
- Ch. 7. Description of bachelor planters' bungalows and their leisure pursuits - Christmas celebrations and nostalgia. Manufacture and shipment of liquid latex beginning at this time - new venture.
- Ch. 8. Makes pen-friend with the wife of a planter up-country. Examples of Mr. Fraser's feudal rule of the rubber estate. Welfare of mothers and children. Anecdotes about an eccentric planter. Compares life on estate under Mr. Fraser's control with that in a big hospital.
- Ch. 9. Holiday during the 'wintering' of the rubber trees on tea estate near Kandy; rest houses, changes in climate zones; Bandarawela, hill-station - Nuwara Eliya, and Samuel Baker. Visit to Duckwari tea estate. Arrival at Kandy.
- Ch. 10. Visit to tea-planters home with a most beautiful garden, in ideal climate of the highlands. Description of tea-garden, pickers, tea manufacture. Portuguese and Ceylon - brief historical sketch. Return to lowlands, and their more humble home.
- Ch. 11. Contrasts her more primitive house and water supply with luxury of her hosts. Illness and servant trouble. New Year Festival and servants' holiday.
- Ch. 12. Historical outline of Galle.
- Ch. 13. Venture into writing. Ceylon newspapers. Christmas in the El Pitiya district.
- Ch. 14. Historical outline of Kandy and the Temple of the Tooth: description of town and surrounding places of interest, and terrain.
- Ch. 15. Anglican Methodist contacts and relationships in Galle. Historical outline of the missionary activities of both denominations. Demonology. Ecumenism among Protestant denominations in 19th Century missions.
- Ch. 16. Outline of the early history of Ceylon. Leave-taking of Galle.
- Ch. 17. Visit to the buried Cities of Ceylon, and historical description. Leave Ceylon.
Poem 'Goodbye?' by W.S. Senior. Illustration to accompany memoir, and maps of Galle and Anaradharpura
Books on indefinite loan (all now removed to archive books collection): -
1. Still, John, The Jungle-Tide. Blackwood & Sons Ltd. 1945. (First ed. 1930) Essays on Ceylon wild life.
2. Mendis, G.C., Ceylon today and yesterday. Main currents of Ceylon history. Colombo, Assoc. Newspaper of Ceylon Ltd., 1963 (First ed. 1957). Essays on Ceylon history and politics.
3. Spittel, R.L., Wild Ceylon. Describing in particular the lives of the present day Veddas. Colombo, 1945

BAKER PAPERS

(E.B.H. Baker)

Lent by Mrs. I. Baker

Microfilm Box 6 No. 45

Letters of Baker to his parents and others, 25 January 1931 to December 1932:
1. from Madaripur where he writes he is transferred to Hijli as Governor of the Detention Camp for Political Prisoners at Kharagpur;
2. arrives February 1931; conditions in the camp; description of detainees; comments on Gandhi;
3. letter written on 17 September 1931 describing the incident in the camp when two detainees were killed and five wounded;
4. the consequences;
5. Tagore's intervention;
6. the Official Inquiry (Mullick and Drummond);
7. November in Sikkim on leave;
8. result of the Inquiry and consequences;
9. leaves Hijli;
10. Congress intrigue;
11. reason for unrest - unemployment of the educated;
12. goes to Alipur (Duar Subdivision) very quiet;
13. description of place and work;
14. near another detainees camp;
15. missionaries;
16. he feels the lack of money for social reform;
17. tours tea gardens;
18. at Rajshahi describes Christmas party with Anglo-Indians;
19. description of Busca Detainees Camp.
Pamphlet: 'Chittagong and Hijli: British "Misrule" in Bengal', published by J.M. Sen-Gupta. Foreword by Rabindranath Tagore. 'Being the Report of the non-official Enquiry Committee on Recent Disturbances in Chittagong, and the Government Committee of Enquiry on Hijli Shooting.'
'Travel Diary Journal' (possibly amalgamated from diaries)
- Volume I, November 1927 - October 1932:
  - Assistant Magistrate Dacca, 10 December 1927-25 November 1928;
  - Assistant Magistrate and Collector on Settlement Training, Burdwan District, 1928 - March 1929;
  - Sub-Divisional Officer Rampurhat, Birbhum District, 7 April - 31 October 1929;
  - Sub-Divisional Officer Madaripur, November 1929 - February 1931;
  - Commandant, Hijli Detention Camp; Kharagpur, February - October 1931; detailed account of the camp, its running, inmates, the incident of the shooting and consequences;
  - Special Officer Political Department Calcutta, November 1931 - January 1932, writing history sheets of eighty prominent Congressmen for action, under the Emergency Powers Ordinance should civil disobedience recommence; results of Gandhi's arrival in Bombay and the Viceroy's refusal to discuss the N.W.F.P., U.P. and Bengal ordinances with him; renewal of civil disobedience and consequences; leave. At the back of the volume are accounts.
- 'Travel Diary', volume II, October 1932 - October 1936:
  - Sub-Divisional Officer Alipur-Duar, Jalpaiguri District, November 1932 - February 1933. Very little crime and no political trouble.
  - Assistant District Magistrate Myemsingh District, February - September 1933. Account of internal running of the District.
  - District Magistrate, Myemsingh, August - October 1933.
  - Special Officer, Revenue Department, Calcutta, November 1933 - February 1934. Inside story of writing an annual Administration Report; Calcutta social life.
  - Additional District and Sessions Judge, Alipore, February - May 1934.
  - District and Sessions Judge, Burdwan, June - October 1934;
  - November - December 1934. Inexperience of civil law.
  - Joint Magistrate, Burdwan, December 1934. Inspections, etc.; few days in Calcutta; Viceregal Ball, Belvedere.
  - District and Sessions Judge, Dacca, January - September 19 35. Importance of job for which he feels inexperienced; society and social life in Dacca; describes work of district judge; assessment of his own ability; describes some unscrupulous judges.
  - Special Officer Revenue Department, Calcutta, November 1935 - February 1936. Writing administration report.
  - Special Officer Political Department, Calcutta, February 1936. Working on matters arising in connection with the new constitution; lists the social activities of the era; reaction in Bengal to king George's death.
  - Additional District and Sessions Judge, Howrah, February - March 1936.
  - On leave.
- 'Travel Diary' Volume III, October 1936 - March 1941:
  - Leave until 16 November 1936.
  - District and Sessions Judge, Noakhali, November 1936 - February 1937. Very quiet; goes on to Krishnagar for Christmas; elections for new Provincial Assembly.
  - Special Officer, Judicial Department, Calcutta, February - April 1937. Firstly to frame certain rules for the conduct of the official Assignee under the amended Presidency Towns Insolvency Act, etc.; light work; Darjeeling in hot weather.
  - Special Officer, Legislative Department, Calcutta, April - October 1937. Very little work.
  - Attaché, Legislative Department, Government of India, November 1937 - April 1938. Goes to Delhi to train in Secretariat; work more interesting; sits in on Councils of State and Legislative Assemblies.
  - District and Sessions Judge, Rajshahi and Malda, April - August 1938. Enjoys Rajshahi; floods; life on the station.
Letters home, 1927 - 1928, 1929 - 1930, 1933: these are a most vivid and interesting 'fill-in' to the journal; he writes as a young and inexperienced official of all the details which strike him, and thus gives a vivid picture of the life of the administrator both from the work, the people, the stations and European life there; he goes into great detail and provides most interesting sidelights.

BALLARD PAPERS

Given by Mrs. Esmé Ballard, née Teversham

Small Collections Box 2

Handwritten copy of a cutting from The Times late March or early April 1929; added note to obituary of Colonel R.K. Teversham, D.S.O., O.B.E.

BANKS PAPERS

Given by R.A. Banks (formerly of I.C.I. Ltd.)

Punjab; Calcutta; Bihar & Orissa. 1929-1933

Microfilm

BOX I and BOX II

Diary/notebook kept while touring India for I.C.I. investigating manufacturing possibilities, sites for factories, supply of raw materials etc. 1929-1933. 189pp. Notes on meteorology; brine; salt; limestone; water; D.B.O. disposal; land; coal and coke; labour and staff; railways and transport; Attock Oil Co., Rawalpindi.
165 letters from R.A. Banks written home, 1929-1932: initial survey over very wide area 1929-31 (Letters 9-64); return to India from leave November 1931, to settle site for alkali factory. Choice of site at Khewra on Salt Range - protracted negotiations. Visits other parts of India - comments more on individuals and I.C.I. and I.C.S. structures.
(a) Envelope with eight unnamed photographs.
(b) Envelope containing 13 empty envelopes with stamps.

BOX III

36 letters written in 1932 from R.A. Banks' sister Margaret, who travelled with him the second tour, and visited Bombay, Calcutta, Ahmednagar and Kashmir. A picture of the social life of a young girl in 1932.
Telegram and two miscellaneous letters.

BOX IV

Seven albums of photographs relating to the diary and letters.

See also: Films, Photographs

BARBOUR PAPERS

Given by Mr. D.R. Barbour

Afghanistan, Delhi: 1880

Small Collections Box 2

Pamphlet: Our Afghan Policy and the occupation of Candahar, by D.B. (David Miller Barbour). London, William Ridgway, 1880. 29pp.
The author later became Sir David Barbour, entered Bengal Civil Service,1863. Secretary to Government of India, Finance and Commerce Department, 1882-1887. Finance Member of Governor General's Council, 1887-1893.

BARCLAY, MRS. I.

United Provinces; N.W.F.P. 1919-1920.

Small Collections Box 2

Map: Country round Nowshera. Modern Survey Sheets 1" = 1 mile. 1919/20. 1:63,360
41 Photographs: not dated but all described. U.P. & NWFP Army life: military exercises; countryside; leisure activities; etc. One of two officers dressed & made up as Pathans. See photograph database.
Book: Wall, F. (Colonel) How to identify the snakes of India (including Burma and Ceylon) Karachi, 1923. 56pp. ill.

BARKELEY SMITH PAPERS

(R. Barkeley Smith)

Microfilm Box 1: Memoirs of Rupert Barkeley Smith, 1908-22, entitled 'Indians Told Me':
1. Effect of change in economy in India, from barter to money and all this entails
2. Defence of caste, change in caste status
3. Jats
4. The power of Hind Brahmans, Mohammedans and their religion in contrast
5. Agra and the Mogul Emperors
6. Conversation with an old Brahman
7. Buddhism
8. Conversations with young Hindus
9. A Dacoit's 'memories'
10. Note on police and criminals in India the reality of the past in the present
11. Experiences with Indians during the war (1st) and their changes and philosophy
12. An officer's view on the difference between France and India
13. The Maharaja Scidia of Gwalior
14. The Indian character and characteristics
15. Personal life in India, the pleasant things particularly camping and shooting.
Book: Sleeman, Major-General Sir W.H. A journey through the Kingdom of Oude, in 1849-50 ... 2 vols. London, 1858. (ARCHIVE BK1 and BK2)

See also: Coghill Papers. Papers donated by Mrs Barkeley-Smith relaing to her Uncle's time in India during the 1857 uprising

BARLOW (HANB) PAPERS

(H.A.N. Barlow, O.B.E.)

United Provinces; Rajkot, Kathiawar. 1929 - 1932

Letters home to his mother and father from India.

These letters were only briefly listed in Volume I. This is the full list with the additional material given by Mr. Barlow after 1973, and now fully indexed.

BOX 1

Letters I.9 to I.164: 17 November 1929 - 6, November,1932:

Tour I. Letters I.9 to I.16

1.9	• 17.11.1929. Agra. Arrival in India; disembarkation at Bombay. Posted to Agra U.P. as an Assistant Commissioner. Deputy Commissioner, Capt. Johnston, Commissioner Mr. Grant. Governor, Sir Malcolm Hailey. Visits Taj Mahal.
1.10	• 24.11.1929. Governor's visit to Agra on 23 November, 1929. Notes on personalities met, including staff of St. John's College.
1.11	• 1.12.1929. Note on the Club library. • 5.12.1929. Note on surface mail via Marseilles.
1.12	• 8.12.1929. New Collector: Mr. Williamson. • 10.12.1929. On tour Kivaoli.
1.13	• 15.12.1929. Note on work while at Kivaoli - meets Town Council to discuss water-rate, land-owners re famine relief measures, inspects irrigation, hears petitions from villagers re rents or taxes. Visits Fatehpur Sikri.
1.14	• 22.12.1929. Inspection of cotton factories at Firozabad, and glass factory. First Court cases.
1.15	• 28.12.1929. New Delhi. Attempt to bomb the Viceroy's train. Christmas with the Dunnetts at Delhi. Sight-seeing, Qutab Minaret Taghlakabad. New Delhi described. • 31.12.29. Agra. • 9.1.1930. Air mail (from England)
1.16	• 4.1.1930. Lucknow, Government House. Sir Malcolm & Lady Hailey described. Opinion of purdah parties.
1.17	• 12.1.1930. Agra, description of shops.
1.18	• 19.1.1930. Amateur Dramatic Society. • 22.1.1930. Inspections described in detail.
1.19	• 26.1.1930. In camp. Inspects records of village council. Description of land records test. • 28.1.1930. Bickpuri village. Inspects Village Co-operative Society. Independence Day procession, Agra.
1.20	• 2.2.1930. Danger of famine. H.A.N.B. to inspect.
1.21	• 7.2.1930. Lucknow, on leave. Civil Service Week. Viceroy (Lord Irwin) present. • 8.2.3190. Civil Service Dinner: Viceroy's speech.
1.22	• 16.2.1930. Agra. Going to Kivaoli; for famine relief test works. Locusts from Persia, Mesopotamia and Palestine. Description of organization & personnel of Civil Service in India.
1.23	• 23.2.1930. Land records, rent cases, famine test-works. Agra Week starts. Polo, tennis, fancy dress dance etc.
1.24	• 2.3.1930. 4.3.1930. Dust-storm.
1.25	• 9.3.1930. Locusts in the district. Special Locust officer arriving.
1.26	• 15.3.1930. Moves into quarters.
1.27	• 23.3.1930. Description of Native Fair.
1.28	• 30.3.1930. Case-work.
1.29	• 6.4.1930. Air-mail now takes one week, London to Delhi. Temple dispute. Inspection of gaol. The problem of Gandhi.
1.30	• 13.4.1930. Gandhi and Salt Laws.
1.31	• 19.4.1930. Police Inspector goes mad. Riots in Calcutta.
1.32	• 27.4.1930. Riots at Calcutta, Karachi and Peshawar. In Agra the Independence Party organises a demonstration. Attempt to make Salt in Collector's and Commissioner's garden.
1.33	• 4.5.1930. Shade temperature 112°. Intention to arrest Gandhi. Censoring telegrams at Agra. Salt-making tricks.
1.34	• 11.5.1930. Riot at Sholapur near Bombay on 10.5.1930. Loyalty of the Indian constables. Treasury training.
1.35	• 18.5.1930. Loyalist meeting at the house of a big land-owner.
1.36	• 25.5.1930. Mr. Dunnett appointed Reforms Commissioner. Extremists losing ground. Picketing foreign cloth and liquor shops.
1.37	• 3.6.1930. Ceremonial Parade for King's Birthday. • 4.6.30. Large loyalist demonstration. Attacked Gandhi supporter rescued by English Police.
1.38	• 3.6.1930. Muhammedan Festival. Agra quiet. Unrest on N.W. Frontier.
1.39	• 15.6.1930.
1.40	• 23.6.1930. Simla. Reception given by Sir Fazli Hussain, a member of the Governor-General's Executive Council. Mentions Simon Report
1.41	• 30.6.1930. Simla. Comment on Simon Report.
1.42	• 7.7.1930. Agra.
1.43	• 13.7.1930. Agra. Measures against locust breeding ground.
1.44	• 20.7.1930. Colleges have reassembled. Picketing of Colleges & liquor shops by women. Independence Flag hoisted on St. John's College, & taken down. Asia College boycott of classes. • 22.7.1930. Anti-locust work.
1.45	• 28.7.1930. Anti-locust work. Compromise between Colleges in Agra and the picketeers. Attitudes of missionaries and teachers vis-a-vis government officials. H.A.N.B. 2nd Class Magistrate. • 29.7.1930. More anti-locust work. Inspects School, cattle pound for stray cattle, and dispensary for medicine for peasants.
1.46	• 4.8.1930. Much anti-locust work. Five out o£ seven sub-divisions affected.
1.47	• 12.8.1930. Malaria among troops.
1.48	• 17.8.1930. NWFP troubles.
1.49	• 24.8.1930.
1.50	• 31.8.1930. Revival of picketing, especially on St. John's College. Attitude of College staff. Two English police officers shot in Bengal. • 3.9.1930. More trouble with students at St. John's and Agra Colleges.
1.51	• 7.9.1930. Buys pony, £45. Student trouble at St. John's.
1.52	• 14.9.1930. Suspected amateur bomb-factory. Explosion kills a revolutionary.
1.53	• 22.9.1930. Naini Tal. On leave.
1.54	• 29.9.1930. Agra. Entertainments at Naini Tal. (Civil Service Week).
1.55	• 5.10.1930. Farewell Dinner to Williamson, the Collector; also Indian land-owners' farewell garden-party; well attended, no trouble from Congress Party members.
1.56	• 12.10.1930. Indian Dramatic Society performance. Political situation fairly quiet, frequent arrests for seditious speeches. Congress policy to encourage peasants not to pay their rents.
1.57	• 19.10.1930.
1.58	• 26.10.1930. Going with Collector, Darwin, to fair at Bateshar.
1.59	• 2.11.1930. Darwin, ill. Notes on a Collector's job. Attends a hanging at the gaol. • 4.11.1930. In camp at Firozabad. Work on Census of population.
1.60	• 8.11.1930. Bateshar, in camp. Cattle, horse and camel Fair. Attendance estimated at 150,000. Hindu Religious ceremony. Crocodile-hunting on an elephant.
1.61	• 16.11.1930.
1.62	• 22.11.1930. • 26.11.1930. Arrives in Moradabad.
1.63	• 30.11.1930. Moradabad. Describes I.C.S. Training School and personalities connected with it. • 2.12.1930. Police Week festivities.
1.64	• 7.12.1930. Comment on the Commissioner and Moradabad officials. Police Week festivities, sports, dances.
1.65	• 14.12.1930. Description of quarters - Polo, tennis, hockey.
1.66	• 21.12.1930. A day's programme at the Training School. • 24.12.1930. Arrives Delhi, for holiday.
1.67	• 29.12.1930. New Delhi. Guest of the Dunnetts. Christmas Day activities. A jumping well in a shrine. Bomb explosions in Delhi. Description of the Viceroy's House and gardens.
1.68	• 3.1.1931. New Year's Ball. • 5.1.1931. Moradabad. Epidemic of horse 'flu throughout India. Instruction in surveying and practice in reading Devanagri script.
1.69	• 12.1.1931. Possibility of course of Settlement training. Gurkha Regiment arrives. • 13.1.1931. Settlement training cancelled. • 14.1.1931. Receives first air mail letter.
1.70	• (Retained by donor.)
1.71	• 24.1.1931. Muddled preparations for going into camp.
1.72	• 31.1.1931. In camp. Thefts and badly timed efforts to trace the culprit. • 3.2.1931. Moradabad.
1.73	• 6.2.1931. Lucknow. Posted to Lucknow. • 9.2.1931. Back in Moradabad. Plans to buy a car - a necessity in Lucknow.
1.74	• 14.2.1931. Moradabad.
1.75	• 22.2.1931. Comment on Mr. Monro who will be H.A.N.B.'s Deputy Commissioner in Lucknow, and on his wife. Gandhi's release. Mohammedan festival of Id. Gurkha football match
1.76	• 1.3.1931. Examination results, Revenue & Language. • 3.3.1931. Lucknow. Two or three days holiday before starting new post. Paid 26 calls, on a bicycle. Comments on cinema. Macadam roads, good shops & a good library at the Club.
1.77	• 8.3.1931. Quarters in the United Services Club. H.A.N.B. has now paid 64 calls i.e. dropped cards. Polo in the police lines; players included Indian police troopers. Settlement between Gandhi and the Viceroy. Begins work as Sub-Divisional Officer, Sub-Division of Malihadab, about 17 miles from Lucknow. Not as yet given full powers. Snipe-shooting.
1.78	• 15.3.1931. Complicated Court cases, inheritances, mortgages, mutations, partitions, profits etc.
1.79	• 22.3.1931. News of more riots in the newspapers.
1.80	• 29.3.1931. H.A.N.B. now Assistant Commissioner. Serious communal riots in Cawnpore. Congress dislikes communal trouble.
1.81	• 5.4.1931. Moves into a bungalow, shared with two other Englishmen. Description of bungalow.
1.82	• 12.4.1931. Organises meeting of the biggest land-owners in the sub-division, to encourage unofficial counter-propaganda against agitators of the Congress Party.
1.83	• 19.4.1931. Irwins leave India. Comment on Indian politicians' attitude to British officials.
1.84	• 26.4.1931. Inspection of area of crop failure, to recommend possible exemptions from revenue collections. • 28.4.1931. Fears of riots after Festival.
1.85	• 6.5.1931. • 7.5.1931.
1.86	• 10.5.1931. Police raid, accompanied by H.A.N.B., in search of cocaine.
1.87	• 17.5.1931. Preparations against possible trouble in two weeks time in the Mohammedan Festival of Muharram.
1.88	• 24.5.1931. More comment on preparations for Muharram. Patrolling in motor-car with armed police.
1.89	• 31.5.1931. Description of Muharram proceedings, processions etc. All went off quietly.
1.90	• 7.6.1931. Talk to a meeting of peasants, about 300 men, to explain that rents must now be paid - the government can no longer allow remission of revenue payments by landlords. • 10.6.1931. Attends an execution.
1.91	• 14.6.1931. Two more peasant meetings.
1.92	• 21.6.1931.
1.93	• 28.6.1931. Government economies. Travel allowance reduced, drop in pay expected. Training School at Moradabad may be abolished. Five Congress leaders arrested for provoking a breach of the peace.
1.94	• 8.7.1931. A one-day Mohammedan festival - no troubles.
1.95	• 12.7.1931. Court case - Congress Party leaders accused of inciting tenants not to pay rent to landlords. Reduction in I.C.S. salaries appears to be imminent.
1.96	• 19.7.1931. Government's economy proposals to be published at the Legislative council.
1.97	• 26.7.1931. H.A.N.B. may decide to apply for the Political branch of the I.C.S. - work on the frontier and in the native States.
1.98	• 2.8.1931. To camp at Malihadab, H.Q. of the sub-division.
1.99	• 9.8.1931.
1.100	• 16.8.1931. Gandhi not going to London. Comment on his latest demands.
1.101	• 23.8.1931. Hunting. Mr. Gandhi going to London.
1.102	• 30.8.1931. Is asked to write General Administration Report for his area. Gandhi leaves for England.
1.103	• 5.9.1931. Lucknow. Leaving for Simla, holiday. Travelling with Mrs. Munro. • 7.9.1931. Simla
1.104	• 11.9.1931. Advised by Sir Charles Watson, Foreign Secretary to the Government of India, that no new appointments to the Political branch of the I.C.S. are being made this year. Will however apply, with a view to the following year. • 14.9.41. A weekend walking tour in the hills.
1.105	• 20.9.1931. Simla. Comment on financial crisis in England.
1.106	• 27.9.1931. Lucknow. Comment on danger to presiding judge, Leslie White on conspiracy cases in Delhi. Cut in I.C.S. pay and increase in income tax announced. An Indian Bank has gone bankrupt, others are expected to do the same.
1.107	• 4.10.1931. Increases in prices in India e.g. whiskey and car batteries.
1.108	• 11.10.1931. Comments on Gandhi. Lengthy description of a party given in the garden of his house by his servants to their friends.
1.109	• 18.10.1931. Threat of anti-government Congress Party campaign in the province. Floods in the area, crops ruined.
1.110	• 25.10.1931. Begins work on the General Administration Report.
1.111	• 1.11.1931. Gives up his work on his sub-division, in order to write the Gen. Admin. Report.
1.112	• 8.11.1931.
1.113	• 15.11.1931. Army Cup week - races, point-to-point, dances etc. etc.
1.114	• 22.11.1931. Unveiling of Memorial to the 4th Company 1st Bn. Bengal Artillery at the Residency.
1.115	• 29.11.1931. Postage rates to be increased. Opening of local Flying Club H.Q.
1.116	• 6.12.1931. Congress Party about to open new anti-government campaign. Elections to the Municipal Board.
1.117	• 14.12.1931. Distribution of money loaned to cultivators to buy seed etc. Week-end shoot, duck-shooting, as guest of the Governor, accommodation in Governor's train. Probability of a Civil disobedience campaign. Large Investiture, honours for soldiers and civilians. A lively time expected politically. Comment on Gandhi.
1.118	• 20.12.1931. Work on the Gen. Admin. Report. Carol-singing.
1.119	• 27.12.1931. Christmas. Presents from Indians. Week crowded with dinner-parties, fancy-dress dance, tennis and polo. Charades.
1.120	• 3.1.1932. New Year military Parade. New Assistant Commissioner arrives, Hugh Stevenson. Gandhi arrested. Several Congress leaders in Lucknow arrested. Comment on political situation.
1.121	• 10.1.1932. Comment on Congress arrests. • 13.1.1932.About 30 people arrested in city.
1.122	• 17.1.1932. No action yet on H.A.N.B.'s application for transfer to the Political Department.
1.123	• 24.1.1932. Trial of Congress men.
1.124	• 31.1.1932. Civil Service Week - Races, polo, dances etc. 'The Quaker Girl' performed by the Railway Operatic Society. Changes of staff expected.
1.125	• 7.2.1932. Civil Service week - Government House Dance, over 650 invitations, including about 50 Indians. Fancy Dress Dance at the Club. I.C.S. Dinner. Governor's depressing speech about the future of the 1.C.S. Another bomb thrown: more active agitators in prison. Mohammedan festival of Id. H.A.N.B's servant presents him with a silk handkerchief.
1.126	• 14.2.1932. Opening of power-house for new Lucknow water supply. Dinner with General Hay, Commander of Lucknow District. Financial difficulties of the Civil Club; bitterness between Civil & Military Club. Mr. Harper succeeds Mr. Monro as Deputy Commissioner.
1.127	• 21.2.1932. • Moves to new quarters in the Imperial Bank of India House with Mr. Clemens, Manager of the Bank, and other friends. Writing of the Gen. Admin. Report nearly finished. No news of next appointment. Provincial budget announced, new taxation, probably abolition of many senior I.C.S. posts & less leave. Group system of voting, for extending the Franchise to those not qualified by literacy - a trial of the scheme in two villages.
1.128	• 28.2.1932. Remaining in Lucknow for the hot weather. Writing of Gen. Admin. Report finished.
1.129	• 6.3.1932. Trooping the Colour by the Punjabi Regiment. Takes on duties of colleague Langford, transferred to Cawnpore. Heavy litigation in view, before the Government increases the Court fees.
1.130	• 13.3.1932. Attends a propaganda meeting to explain Govt. policy to peasants.
1.131	• 20.3.1932.
1.132	• 27.3.1932. Comment on Political Service.
1.133	• 3.4.1932.
1.134	• 10.4.1932. Another bomb, outside the big European stores, one woman slightly injured.
1.135	• 17.4.1932. Mohammedan Festival of Bahhoid. Patrolling the city. The special Ordinances passed to deal with the Congress campaign lapsing shortly. Increase in political agitators.
1.136	• 24.4.1932. Economic situation in Calcutta. Court work. Amateur theatricals.
1.137	• Lucknow. Frequent dust storms.
1.138	• 8.5.1932. Gen. Admin. Report published.
1.139	• 15.5.1932. Mohammedan Festival of Muharram. Illuminations and processions; no troubles.
1.140	• 22.5.1932. Wedding of the son of a servant - the party in the compound starting at 11 p.m.
1.141	• 29.5.1932. Interesting Indian party, including a male dancer and male comedians - not usual.
1.142	• 5.6.1932. Presents Napoleon (his servant) with a driving-licence.
1.143	• 12.6.1932. Leaves for Simla, annual holiday. Exceptional heat. Four British soldiers die of heat-stroke.
1.144	• 19.6.1932. Simla. Interviews for possible entry into the Political Service - probably not before 1933, preferably after 6 months leave in England. Lunch with the Viceroy and Lady Willingdon.
1.145	• 26.6.1932. Simla. Lady Willingdon comments on possible assassination. Viceregal Ball.
1.146	• 3.7.1932. Lucknow. Death of senior British railway officer from cholera.
1.147	• 10.7.1932. More amateur theatricals, 'Cable Manners' by Clemens the Bank Manager, to be acted at Cawnpore.
1.148	• 17.7.1932. Theatricals in Cawnpore.
1.149	• 24.7.1932.
1.150	• 31.7.1932.
1.151	• 7.8.1932.
1.152	• 14.8.1932. An agricultural, public health and industrial exhibition to be held at Malihabad.
1.153	• 21.8.1932.
1.154	• 28.8.1932. Exhibition at Malihabad a great success.
1.155	• 4.9.1932.
1.156	• 14.9.1932.
1.157	• 18.9.1932. Lucknow. Amateur theatricals - another play by Clemens. Attends another execution.
1.158	• 25.9.1932. Naini Tal. Landslide dangers on the Naini Tal road after heavy rain.
1.159	• 1.10.1932. Attitude to application for transfer to the Political Service by the Governor of the Province.
I.160	• 9.10.1932. Lucknow. Clemens retiring; successor, Sherman. H.A.N.B. moving quarters.
1.161	• 15.10.1932. Failure of the early harvest, Government loan of money for seed; distribution is supervised by H.A.N.B.
1.162	• 23.10.1932. Concert organised by H.A.N.B. Another sketch by Clemens. H.A.N.B. moves quarters to the Lanes - a tent in their garden.
1.163	• 30.10.1932.
1.164	• 6.11.1932. Fear of possible bomb attacks or shooting during the Governor's attendances at functions in Lucknow. No trouble occurred. (Letter unfinished. Death of H.A.N.B.'s mother. Sails for England from Bombay on 12.11.1932.)

BOX 2

U.P., Kathiawar, Chinese Turkestan. 1934 - 1937.

Letters II.5 - II.196: 4 October 1933 to 4 April 1937:

2.5	• 4.10.33 Lucknow. Arrives Bombay. Customs, a Revolver Licence. Uncomfortable journey to Lucknow. Receives telegram appointing. him to the Political Department. His servant Napoleon joins him.
2.6	• 6.10.1933. Lucknow. New posting is to Rajkot. He plans to leave on 10 October.
2.7	• 7.10.1933. Lucknow. Posting deferred. Temporarily employed in Lucknow.
2.8	• 8.10.1933. Lucknow. H.A.N.B. to work as Personal Assistant to Monro, the Deputy Commissioner.
2.9	• 13.10.1933. Posting to Political now expected at end of November or early in the New Year. Work at Court on bye-law cases, infringement of traffic rules by native carts, adulteration of food etc. -- about 150 cases a day.
2.10	• 21.10.1933. Lucknow. Rooms in the Club described.
2.11	• 28.10.1933. Lucknow. Acting Governor the Nawab of Chattari.
2.12	• 5.11.1933. Lucknow. Social comments.
2.13	• 12.11.1933. Lucknow. Army Cup week beginning. Comments on Acting Governor, the Nawab of Chattari.
2.14	• 19.11.1933. Lucknow. Nothing of interest.
2.15	• 26 11.1933. Lucknow. H.A.N.B. to go to his new posting on 1 December, via Delhi for interviews in Political Department.
2.16	• 2 12.1933. New Delhi. Interviews with Foreign Secretary and other officials. Leaves for Rajkot, Kathiawar. • 4.12.1933. Rajkot. Takes over from Major Williams: to work under the Agent-General, Latimer, in four capacities: Under-Secretary, Additional District Magistrate, Officer in charge of the Rajkot Civil Station, Chairman of Water works.
2.17	• 10.12.1933. Rajkot. Description of bungalow, built 1927. About 20 Europeans living in Rajkot. Much intercourse with the Indian princes and gentry. Number of Europeans employed in the surrounding Native States. Lions surviving in Junagadh State.
2.18	• 17.12.1933. Rajkot. Appointed Church Secretary.
2.19	• 25.12.1933. Junagadh. Christmas, as guest of Mr. Cadell, acting Prime Minister. Comfortable Guest House. Meets Maharajah of Gondal.
2.20	• 30.12.1933. Junagadh. Visit to the port of Veraval. Sonnath temple of Krishna. A lion shoot with cameras, not guns. 1.1.1934. Rajkot. Christmas presents from Indians.
2.21	• 7.1.1934. Rajkot.
2.22	• 14.1.1934. Rajkot. Note on the varied types of work. Character sketches of other officials and their wives. • 17.1.1934. The Mohammedan festival of Bakr Id. Napoleon's present to H.A.N.B.
2.23	• 21.1.1934. Rajkot society.
2.24	• 28.1.1934. Rajkot. The Viceroy's Bihar Earthquake Relief Fund
2.25	• 2.2.1934. Rajkot. Duck-shoot with Maharajah of Dhrangadhra.
2.26	• 11.2.1934. Rajkot. Official visit to Nawangar State; Reception at the capital, Jamnagar. Comment on wealth of Native State rulers. Long and detailed description of arrival at Jamnagar and ceremonial reception by Jam Sahib. • 13.2.1934. Lord Cavan arrives. Entertainment.
2.27	• 18.2.1934. Rajkot. Entertainments and shoot. Description of the treasures in the Palace.
2.28	• 25.2.1934. Rajkot. H.A.N.B. appointed Secretary of the Club.
2.29	• 4.3.1934. Rajkot. Rajkot Week. Tennis, prize-giving at the Chief College.
2.30	• 11.3.1934. Rajkot. Proposed visit to Bhaunagar State. Investiture held in Residency garden.
2.31	• 18.3.1934. Rajkot. Official visit to Bhaunagar State. Foundation-stone laid of new Hospital. Visit to new part being built. Big new College opened for 170 students. State banquet. Note on the Maharajah and his former guardian, Sir Prabhashankar Pattani.
2.32	• 24.3.1934. Visit to Junagadh and the sacred hill, Girnar & Jain temples. This not an official trip - sight-seeing.
2.33	• 31.3.1934. Rajkot. Visit from the Viceroy expected. Visit with Latimer to Porbandar State. A motor-launch trip on the sea. New palace being built by Maharajah. Wife attended dinner-party.
2.34	• 8.4.1934. Rajkot.
2.35	• 15.4.1934. Rajkot. Note on censorship of cinema films.
2.36	• 22.4.1934. Rajkot. Small-pox vaccination.
2.37	• 28.4.1934. Rajkot.
2.38	• 6.5.1934. Rajkot. Only eight Europeans left.
2.39	• 13.5.1934. Rajkot. Personalities of friends in Rajkot.
2.40	• 20.5.1934. Rajkot. Wedding of the Maharajah's daughter at Dhrangadhra - banquet and pipers; comments on expense.
2.41	• 28.5.1934. Mount Abu. Rajputana. Description of Mount Abu. On leave.
2.42	• 3.6.1934. Mount Abu. Jain temples at Dilwana. Comments on the White Paper.
2.43	• 10.6.1934. Rajkot. The Carnival - gambling at side-shows.
2.44	• 17.6.1934. Rajkot.
2.45	• 24.6.1934. Rajkot. Seeds for garden sent from England must pass the Customs at Bombay, and again on the Kathiawar boundary.
2.46	• 1.7.1934. Rajkot. Comment on Air Mail.
2.47	• 8.7.1934. Rajkot. Comment on Cutch State. Cost of uniform which H.A.N.B. must get.
2.48	• 15.7.1934. Rajkot.
2.49	• 22.7.34 Rajkot. Possibly moving soon.
2.50	• 28.7.1934. Rajkot. H.A.N.B. selected as Vice Consul at Kashgar in Chinese Turkestan. To leave about 18 August.
2.51	• 29.7.1934. Rajkot. Comment on journey to Kashgar.
2.52	• 5.8.1934. Rajkot.
2.53	• 12.8.1934. Rajkot. Arrangements for travelling to Kashgar. Fighting in the area. Reports of arrival of Chinese general with troops.
2.54	• 20.8.1934. Delhi station, waiting-room. Car sold at Rajkot.
2.55	• 24.8.1934. Simla. Studying confidential files on Kashgar.
2.56	• 26.8.1934. Srinagar. Travelled via Rawalpindi and Murree, by car up the Jhelum river to Srinagar. Will join the rest of the party and the armed guard at Gilgit.
2.57	• 30.8.1934. Srinagar. Buying stores etc. for Kashgar. Journey to start on 31 August: route.
2.58	• 1.9.1934. In the Himalayas. Describes beginning of journey, 17 baggage ponies and 3 riding ponies. New cook. 12 miles by road to Tragbal rest house. • 2.9. 4. Tragbal pass 11,950 ft., to Kungbal rest house. • 3.9.1934. Gurez rest house. Voting going on for the first assembly ever to be elected in Kashmir.
2.59	• 5.9.1934. Karin rest house. Too many travellers for the rest-houses on this route. • 6.9.1934. Kalapani Rest House. Sight of Nanga Parbat, 26,600 ft. Beyond the tree limit. • 7.9.1934. Rattu Rest House. Two horses lost and found again. • 8.9.1934. Astor Rest House. Post Office here.
2.60	• 9.9.1934. Mushkin Rest House. Very bad. • 10.9.1934. Bunji Inspection House. Notes difference in people. • 11.9.1934. Pari Rest House. Crosses the Indus River. • 13.9.1934. Gilgit. Next place for posting letters will be Misgar. Expects to arrive at Kashgar about 12 October.
2.61	• 15.9.1934. Norval Rest House. The Hunzas and Nagars, independent small principalities, ruled by Mirs. • 16.9.1934. Chalt Rest House. The track cut from the cliff above the river Hunza. • 17.9.1934. Minapur Rest House. Valley widens, more cultivation. Views of Mount Rakaposhi, 25,600 ft., crops and flowers. Meets Capt. Burge, whom he is succeeding at Kashgar. • 18.9.1934. Baltit. Capt. Burge's accounts of Kashgar and personalities there.
2.62	• 19.9.1934. Baltit. The capital of Hunza. Ghazan Khan, son and heir of the Mir of Hunza, very charming. Many Hunzas fair and blue-eyed. Col. Lorimer is staying for a year to try to compile a grammar of the language. Mir's band, dancing girls, boys dressed as girls. • 20.9.1934. Baltit. Polo of a special type. An interesting archaeological find. Fort - wooden structure to withstand earthquakes. • 21.9.1934. Gulait, the Mir's house. Bad track.
2.63	• 22.9.1934. Passu Rest House. Passu and Batura Glaciers. • 23.9.1934. Khaibar Rest House. • 24.9.1934. Gircha Rest House. • 25.9.1934. Misgar Rest House. Precipitous paths, guides, roadmending. • 26.9.1934. A day's wait for ponies. The Kilik and Mintaka passes, the former to be taken.
2.64	• 27.9.34 Murkushi Rest House. The last place in British territory. • 28.9.1934. On the Kilik pass, over 14,000 ft. • 29.9.1934. Kilik (Turki). In China: severe cold; possibility of raids by Andijanis from the neighbouring Russian territory. Russian attitude to Consulate wireless. Tajiks have fled area owing to the danger of Andijani raids. • 30.9.1934. Warned by Chinese officer of possible trouble at Tashkurgan. Kirghiz people hospitable. • 1.10.1934. Paik. Chinese and Sangoli escort from Paik. Order of march of the caravan. Faith of the people in the Union Jack. • 2.10.1934. Dafdar. The Chinese lieutenant.
2.65	• 3.10.1934. Yiughul. Chinese and Indian currency exchange rates. • 4.10.1934.Tashkurghan. Meeting with the Chinese Captain and the Tajik leader, Sharif Beg. Bolshevik influence. Religion of Hunzas. • 6.10.1934. Darshat. Kirghiz people. • 7.10.1934. Tarboshi. • 8.10.1934. Toilebulung. • 9.10.1934. Chihil Gumbaz.
2.66	• 10.10.1934. Yalpak Tash. The last pass, 12,000 ft., before Kashgar. • 11.10.1934. Tukarboshi. • 12.10.1934. Kichik Qaraul, a big house, burnt in the revolution. • 13.10.1934. Ighiz Yar. Edge of the great Central Asian plain. Escort of six men sent by the Muhammadan commander in Yangi Hissar. • 14.10.1934.Yangi Hissar. Swedish Mission House. Missionaries fled to Kashgar at revolution. Bazaar completely looted. Merchants just returning. • 15.10.1934. Swedish missionaries now on their way back to the Mission. • 16.10.1934. Vapchan. • 18.10.1934.Kashgar. Arrival on 17.10.1934.
2.67	• 20.10.1934. Kashgar. No Customs duty on parcels addressed to the Consulate. Respect for British Government and the Union Jack.
2.68	• 21.10.1934. Kashgar. Description of British Consulate house and personalities: (draws plan) Swedes of the Mission; Russian Consulate not friendly, very suspicious; Chinese authority; General Liu; Gereral Mahmud; Ma do Tai: Chinese Mohammedan or Tungan, represents the pro British element.
2.69	• 27.10.1934. Kashgar. Attempted assassination of Ma do Tai - not expected to recover. Mixture of modernity and medaevalism. Local clothing. Describes rooms. Games, The wireless begins to work. • 31.10.1934. Ma do Tai, may recover. • 1.11.1934. The Bolsheviks are angry that the wireless got through. Muhammed Sharif Beg, reprimanded.
2.70	• 3.11.1934. Kashgar. Bazaar good, all Russian, no Indian, few Chinese. Workmen in the British Consulate arrested without reason by the Kashgar authorities. Other examples of arrest. Swedish mission personalities.
2.71	• 10.11.1934. Kashgar. Party at the Russian Consulate, celebrating Russian Revolution, described at length. • 11.11.1934. Armistice Day. Calls to se Ma do Tai. General Liu there.
2.72	• 17.11.1934. Kashgar. Stores for Consulate held up by Tungans on the road from India via Leh.
2.73	• 24.11.1934. Kashgar. Long delayed post from Urumchi, evidence of disturbed state of province last year The Consulate wireless set now fully working. Possibility of Chinese spying on Consulate.
2.74	• 1.12.1934. Kashgar. Comments on power of General Liu. Arrest by General Mahmud of a former leader.
2.75	• 8.12.1934. Kashgar. Ramazan begins. ado Tai still very ill, to be moved to the Russian Consulate. Frequent changes in exchange rate. Cost of living very low. More suspicion of the contacts of the Chinese interpreter, Wang, with General Liu.
2.76	• 16.12.1934. Kashgar. Stores from England arrive. The hostile army which was holding them up said to be ready at any moment to advance on Kashgar. Comment on Consul, Col. Thomson-Glover. Ma do Tai reported much better.
2.77	• 23.12.1934. Kashgar. Fluidity of marriage relations in Kashgar. • 25.12.1934. Christmas presents, and dinner-party.
2.78	• 30.12 34. General. Liu ardently Christian at Christmas. • 3.1.1935. Elaborate and lengthy party at the Yamen. Ceremony of bowing before the portrait of Sun Yat Sen.
2.79	• 6.1.1935. Kashgar. Wang, the interpreter, under suspicion. Festival of Id. Calls on local traders.
2.80	• 13.1.1935. Lunch party given to the Chinese. Comments on Indian servants' attitude to Chinese.
2.81	• 20.1.1935. Ma do Tai transferred to provincial capital. Russian attempts to get hold of the mail-bag
2.82	• 27.1.1935. Kashgar. New Secretary and Consul-General at Russian Consulate. 3 imported cars only in city.
2.83	• 3.2.1935. Mr. Kung replaces Ma do Tai as chief civil officer. Shrewdness of General Liu.
2.84	• 10.2.1935.
2.85	• 17.2.1935. Comment on members of the Consulate staff. Russian farewell dinner-party to the retiring Consul General.
2.86	• 24.2.1935. H.A.N.B. learning Russian. Former Chinese wireless station destroyed by two year old rebellion. • 29.2.1935. Russian lessons cancelled. Unpleasant attitude politically to British and Swedes.
2.87	• 3.3.1935. The wireless set may now be used for private, emergency, messages. Major Campbell the secretary to the Agent-General in Rajkot, appointed Prime Minister of Alwar State.
2.88	• 10.3.1935. Russian lessons start again. General Liu to hand over civil work to Mr. Kung, on orders from the provincial government.
2.89	• 17.3.1935. Increased number of staff at the Russian Consulate - now believed to be 45 strong.
2.90	• 24.3.1935. Local politics involving leading Tungan rebel figure Ma Chung Ying and Russian tactics.
2.91	• 31.3.1935. Troublesome behaviour of Chinese interpreter Wang's wife.
2.92	• 7.4.1935. Ma do Tai recovering.
2.93	• 14.4.1935. Improved Russian attitude owing to Eden's Moscow visit. Attends Chinese Independence Day celebrations. Abortive dinner; party. News of Best killed on NWFP.
2.94	• 21.4.1935. The only hospital in Kashgar run by the Swedes.
2.95	• 28.4.1935. Incidents illustrative of corrupt government. Currency only paper.
2.96	• 5.5.1935. Sports for Consulate staff. Chinese reception and dramatic performances. • 7.5.1935. Consulate garden party (Jubilee Day). General Mahmud's bodyguard.
2.97	• 12.5.1935. Jubilee celebrations at Consulate. Rumours of possible hostilities.
2.98	• 19.5.1935. Two more sudden arrests.
2.99	• 26.5.1935. H.A.N.B.'s proposed visit to Yarkand where there are over 300 British subjects.
2.100	• 29.5.1935. Yangi Hissar Police search baggage at the first stage to Yarkand. Strong protest made by the British Consul.
2.101	• 30.5.1935. Kok Robat. Via Yangi Hissar, & Qizil. Expects to reach Yarkand next day. • 2.6.1935. Yarkand. Hospitable reception by British subjects, including the British leading merchant. Visit to the Swedish Mission. Russian reaction
2.102	• 6.6.1935. Yarkand. Meets 140 British subjects on the King's birthday. Announces decoration awarded to the leading merchant for good work during the revolution. Entertained by Civil authorities of Old and New City. Visits Swedish boys' orphanage. Experiences of Swedes during revolution. Later. Qizil. Dust-storm.Qizil. • 13.6.1935. Kashgar. Uneventful journey home.
2.103	• 20.6.1935. Mr. Wang, proved to be spying.
2.104	• 23.6.1935. Kashgar. Comment on events in Yarkand during the revolution. The present garrison's terrified apprehension. • 26.6.1935. Rumours of unrest.
2.105	• 30.6.1935. Rumours as to why Russian doctor called away suddenly.
2.106	• 7.7.1935. Firing in the New City. Many desertions.
2.107	• 14.7.1935. Political upheaval expected. Soldiers deserting due to arrears in pay.
2.108	• 21.7.1935. Kashgar. Plans for Consul, Col. Thomson-Glover, to visit Urumchi, to meet Sir Eric Teichman, Counsellor of the British Embassy at Peking; to begin negotiations with Provincial Government. • 22.7.1935. Peter Fleming arriving. • 24.7.1935. Peter Fleming arrived with Mlle Maillart.
2.109	• 28.7.1935. Kashgar. Keen Russian interest in Peter Fleming and Mlle Maillart.
2.110	• 4.8.1935. Kashgar. Pneumonic plague in nearby village. No vaccine available at first - now arrived. Russian doctor in charge; 3 other doctors sent from Moscow. Mr. Kung, Russian Consul, turned out, succeeded by a Mr. Hsin. • 8.8.1935. Peter Fleming and Mlle Maillart leave. Russian transit visa for Swedes.
2.111	• 11.8.1935. Bostan Terek. On leave in the hills.
2.112	• 14.8.1935. Bostan Terek. Describes Kirghiz game on horseback of Kid. Attends Kirghiz wedding.
2.113	• 25.8.1935. Kashgar. Ma do Tai, has been taken to Russia. General Liu's position unstable.
2.114	• 1.9.1935. Kashgar. Proposed visit to Tashkurghan; where trade held up. Kashgar falling into Communist hands.
2.115	• 8.9.1935. Journey to Tashkurghan via Aktalla, Toilebulung, Darshat. • 14.9.1935. Tashkurghan. 118 Indian merchants held up there. • 17.9.1935. Diplomatic expostulation obtains traders` freedom to travel. Leading land-owners & others entertained in spite of Russian intimidation.
2.116	• 20.9.1935. Bulungkul. Journey past Lake Karakul and Muz-Tagh Ata. • 22.9.1935. Tukoi. The Gez defile; difficult river crossings. • 23.9.1935. Tashmelik. A dangerous footpath. • 24.9.1935. Tokkuzak. • 25.9.1935. Kashgar.
2.117	• 29.9.1935. Kashgar. Intrigue & rumours over changes in Consulate staff.
2.118	• 6.10.1935. Mr. Hunter, a missionary from Urumchi reports difficult conditions there - all letters opened. New Consulate staff also hindered.
2.119	• 13.10.1935. Kashgar. Telegram not received.
2.120	• 20.10.1935. The Consul has arrived at Urumchi. Sir Eric Teichman not yet arrived there from Peking. • 22.10.1935. New interpreter Mr. Chen expected. New Russian Consul, Mr. Hsu.
2.121	• 31.10.1935. Mr. Chen arrived.
2.122	• 3.11.1935. Sir Eric Teichman reached Urumchi. • 6.11.1935. Arrival of Jacobs and Johnson the two new clerks. Difficulties at frontier and at Tashkurghan overcome.
2.123	• 10.11.1935. Russian celebration 18th Anniversary of the Revolution.
2.124	• 17.11.1935.
2.125	• 24.11.1935. Incorrect reports in the Morning Post about a new Soviet Republic in Chinese Turkestan.
2.126	• 1.12.1935. Sir Eric Teichman &Thomson-Glovers arrive. Result of discussions with Chinese at Urumchi.
2.127	• 8.12.1935. Sir Eric leaves for India. Snow.
2.128	• 15.12.1935. Cold.
2.129	• 22.12.1935. 26.12.35: Christmas festivities.
2.130	• 29.12.1935.
2.131	• 5.1.1936. Kashgar. Wages of Turki servants increased by 50%.
2.132	• 12.1.1936. Letters stolen from a Consulate messenger.
2.133	• 19.1.1936. Death of Williamson at Lhasa, Tibet, a former Consul General of Kashgar. New interpreter, Mr. Chen, resigned.
2.134	• 26.1.1936. Consulate closed on the day of King George's funeral.
2.135	• 2.2.1936. 6.2.1936. Long telegrams received with disturbing political news.
2.136	• 9.2.1936. Comments on Peter Fleming's articles in The Times on the political situation in Turkestan. Police intimidation over polo-ground.
2.137	• 16.2.1936.
2.138	• 24.2.1936. Because of police threat lease of polo ground again refused.
2.139	• 1.3.1936. Applies for transfer back to India at the end of the year.
2.140	• 8.3.1936. Measures over polo ground.
2.141	• 15.3.1936. Recommendations by Sir Eric Teichman on staffing Kashgar Consulate.
2.142	• 22.3.36 26.3.1936. The film Quiet flows the Don shown at Russian Consulate.
2.143	• 29.3.1936. Comment on Chinese celebration day 12 April.
2.144	• 5.4.1936. The new polo ground in use. 'Flu epidemic. • 8.4.1936. 10 hours rain, the first this year. Houses collapse.
2.145	• 12.4.1936. Chinese Celebration day, commemorating the establishment of the present government. • 15.4.1936. Mounted sports.
2.146	• 19.4.1936.
2.147	• 26.4.1936. The Consulate garden very promising, 7 gardeners. • 29.4.1936. Prestige of numbers of employees.
2.148	• 4.5.1936.
2.149	• 10.5.1936. 13.5.1936. Assassinations.
2.150	• 17.5.1936. American adventurer, Hathaway, arrives, in disguise, without permit from Srinagar.
2.151	• 24.5.1936. H.A.N.B. exchanges Russian and English lessons with the Russian Consul-General. Efforts of the Police to plant spies in Consulate.
2.152	• 31.5.1936. Thomson-Glovers visit Yarkand. Precautions against burglary at the Consulate. Plans for a dancing display by the Hunzas of the guard. Started to learn Hunza language. • 4.6.1936. Telegram from India - Col. Thomson-Glover probably to be replaced, H.A.N.B. to stay on for another year.
2.153	• 7.6.1936. Description of the Hunza Dance. Dog Kim unwell. Thomson-Glover's return from Yarkand.
2.154	• 14.6.1936. Possibility of H.A.N.B.'s replacement later this year.
2.155	• 20.6.1936. Death of the dog Kim. Irregular bus service started between Kashgar and Yarkand. • 24.6.1936. The King's birthday - Garden Party and Sports at the Consulate.
2.156	• 28.6.1936. Plans for leave at Boston Terek.
2.157	• 5.7.1936. Boston Terek. On leave.
2.158	• 10.7.1936. News of transfer of H.A.N.B. from Kashgar. Successor Gillett, from Chinese Consular service. Packman to succeed Thomson-Glover as Consul.
2.159	• 19.7.1936. Kashgar. H.A.N.B. to be posted to N.W. Frontier Province.
2.160	• 27.7.1936. Bad bus drive to Yarkand and back. Police interference.
2.161	• 2.8.1936. Polo tournament proposed. Describes Consulate garden.
2.162	• 9.8.1936. Leaving Kashgar 1 November.
2.163	• Missing.
2.164	• 23.8.1936. Chinese Consul, Mr. Hsu, moved to Urumchi. Swedish Mission suffering from the hostilities of the Chinese authorities. Chinese subjects forbidden to attend the Swedish Schools.
2.165	• 30.8.1936. • 2.9.1936. Thomson-Glovers leave for India. H.A.N.B. now acting as Consul.
2.166	• 6.9.1936. Arrival of new Chinese Secretary. H.A.N.B. advises British subjects to send their children to the Swedish Mission Schools, to make up for their loss of Chinese subjects.
2.167	• 13.9.1936. Further attack on the Swedish Mission by the Chinese authorities. Difficulty of securing luggage from illegal examination by the Chinese Customs.
2.168	• 20.9.1936. Preparation for H.A.N.B.'s journey. Arrival for a visit of the Urumchi Russian Consul-General and three Chinamen. Exchange of dinner-parties. The Consulate Wireless has broken down, no telegrams can be sent.
2.169	• 27.9.1936. H.A.N.B.'s successor expected about 25 October. The Chinese remove children and teachers from the Swedish Mission at Yarkand.
2.170	• 4.10.1936. Serious accident to H.A.N.B.'s servant "Napoleon"; Police arrest White Russian, Mr. Vorotnikoff, from the Swedish Mission.
2.171	• 11.10.36 Napoleon's progress very slow. Letter from Ella Maillart, Peter Fleming's travelling companion. Comment on Chinese authorities.
2.172	• 18.10.1936. H.A.N.B. unwell. Napoleon still ill. Packman expected. Farewell party. • 21.10.1936.
2.173	• 25.10.1936. H.A.N.B.'s illness has left him very weak. Packman takes over. • 29.10.1936. H.A.N.B. better except for a very painful left leg.
2.174	• 31.10.1936. H.A.N.B.'s journey starting next day.
2.175	• 2.11.1936. Tashmalik. All the British subjects and the Swedes turned out to escort the start of H.A.N.B.'s journey. Napoleon well again. The new Vice-Consul, Gillett, is at Tachmalik on his way to Kashgar. • 3.11.1936. Tugoi. Much rain and river crossings on the way. • 4.11.1936. Gez. A bridge reported down, ahead. Eight men of the Hunza guard sent on to repair it. • 5.11.1936. Bulungkol. A vile road and bitterly cold. • 6.11.1936. Subashi. • 7.11.1936. Kokyar. 22° of frost in night, inside the tent. • 8.11.1936. Tashkurghan. Very comfortable, a day's rest ahead. • 9.11.1936. Tashkurghan Napoleon well.
2.176	• 10.11.1936. Sara Jilgha. Attitude of officials at Tashkurghan. The party now increased to 30. • 11.11.1936. Dafdar. Consequence of fear of Communists on people in the area. Going by Mintaka Pass. • 12.11.1936. Paik. H.A.N.B. unwell. • 13.11.1936. Mintaka Karail. • 14.11.1936. Lup Gaz. A lovely spot. Marching in snow. Mintaka Pass ? eight yaks needed to help party. • 15.11.1936. Gulkhojadawan. Steep descent from the pass. Men from Misgar came to help with the baggage. British territory again. • 16.11.1936. Murkushi. Sleep in bungalow. • 17.11.1936. Misgar. In Hunza again.
2.177	• 18.11.36 Misgar. • 19.11.1936. Gircha. • 20.11.1936. Khaibar. • 21.11.1936. Passu. • 22.11.1936. Gulait. The Mir of Hunza is staying here. A very friendly reception accorded to H.A.N.B. by the Mir and his family. • 22.11.1936. Gulait. A dancing display arranged for H.A.N.B.'s entertainment. • 23.11.1936. Gulait. A strenuous 1? hours polo match against the Mir's team. Exchange of gifts with the Mir.
2.178	• 24.11.1936. Baltit. Mir refuses to allow Ayub to leave Gulait with H.A.N.B. • 25.11.1936. Minapur. Mir releases Ayub after telephone conversation. • 26.11.1936. Chalt. H.A.N.B. writes diplomatic soothing letter to the Mir. • 27.11.1936. Norval. • 28.11.1936. Arrives at Gilgit.
2.179	• 1.12.1936. Gilgit. The Burzil pass impossible. The route will be via Chitral.
2.180	• 2.12.1936. Gulapur. • 3.12.1936. Gakuch. • 4.12.1936. Gupis. • 5.12.1936. Pingal. • 6.12.1936.Teni. • 7.12.1936. Laspur. The Shandaur Pass. • 8.12.1936. Mastuj. Very bad road. Very few travellers. • 9.12.1936. Buni. His Highness the ruler of Chital sends escort for H.A.N.B. • 10.12.1936. Respin. Lunch with Capt. Franklin Evans, the Civil Surgeon. • 11.12.1936. Koghazi. His Highness' brother Khushwagt-al-Mulk, meets the party and H.A.N.B. dines with him, as the guest of His Highness. • 12.12.1936. Chitral. His Highness meets H.A.N.B. with numbers of brothers in three cars. Sikh Company under Major Henson. Telegram notifying appointment to Kohat instead of Peshawar. • 13.12.1936. Chitral. Delayed by heavy rain. Favourable accounts of Kohat. • 14.12.1936. Ziarat. Below the Lowarai Pass. 30 miles by lorry and 15 miles on horseback. • 15.12.1936. Ziarat. Attempt to climb the Pass from 8 a.m. to 11.30 a.m. Had to turn back to Ziarat because of snow. • 16.12.1936. Ziarat. Snow. • 17.12.1936. Dir. A fine day, the Pass safely crossed. • 18.12.1936. Peshawar. By 'bus from Dir to Peshawar. Lunch at Chakdura with the Political Agent of Dir and Malakand. At Peshawar stays with Chief Secretary of the N.W. Frontier Province, Mr. Hopkinson.
2.181	• 25.12.1936. Peshawar. A doctor's examination confirms that he has had Poliomyelitis. But he is well again and the leg getting better. Receiving electrical treatment. Posting to Kohat cancelled, remaining in Peshawar.
2.182	• 27.12.1936. Learning Pushtu. Appointed City Magistrate. No Christmas leave possible. Has his own bungalow. Buys a car.
2.183	• 3.1.1937. Describes day's work.
2.184	• Undated. Enters his name for the Preliminary Examination in Russian.
2.185	• Undated.
2.186	• 24.1.1937. Leg considerably better. Hopes for leave. But pending elections may prevent leave.
2.187	• 31.1.1937. Prospect of leave to England. Elections begin. Concerned with 5 constituencies, as Counting, Inspecting or Returning Officer.
2.188	• 7.2.1937. The elections peaceful. Comment on electorate.
2.189	• 14.2.1937. Leave to Delhi confirmed. Elections quiet. Congress party results.
2.190	• 18.2.37 New Delhi. Staying with the Burkes. The Viceregal Ball, 2000 guests. Meeting old friends.
2.191	• 28.2.1937. Peshawar.
2.192	• 7.3.1937. English leave arranged. The new Governor, Sir George Cunningham arrives. Obtains piano.
2.193	• 14.3.1937.
2.194	• 21.3.1937. Bad news from Waziristan.
2.195	• 28.3.1937. Plans for leave activities, arriving May.
2.196	• 4.4.1937. Pushtu examination. Ayub, the orderly, left for his home in Hunza on 31.3.1937. Request by Mir of Hunza for a sable coat from Peshawar. • 7.4.1937.The Pushtu exam over.

BOX 3

Bengal, Assam, C.P., Bihar & Orissa. Sikkim,

Govt. of India (Simla and New Delhi).

Posted to Meshed, Iran.

1937 - 1941

Letters home. November 1937 - October 1941:

CALCUTTA

3.1	• 11.11.1937. Calcutta
3.2	• 13.11.1937. Stays with Col. and Mrs. Robson at Hastings House Alipore. Moves into palatial house. Newly formed Agency. Is Provincial Commissioner of Police.
3.3	• 20.11.1937. Describes Hastings House, and coming visit to States.
3.4	• 24.11.1937. Jashpurnagar. Met by Regent Rani. People mostly aboriginal. Visits schools, offices and jails. Communications bad.
3.5	• 27.11.1937. Ambikapur, Surguja State. Entertained by Maharaja of Surguja. Describes reception and entertainment. Dharamjargarh, Udaipur State, C.I. Under minority administration. Mentions a Mrs. Macpherson who lives in palace. Comment on lack of economic development in State, through lack of roads. Raigarh State. Entertainments & inspection. Leave via Sarangarh to Raipur. Stay in Chiefs' College (Rajkumar) with Principal, T. Pearce-Smith. Scouts Assoc., entertained by boys. Comment on importance of Chiefs' College.
3.6	• 9.12.1937. Calcutta. Outlines future programme of tours.
3.7	• 19.12.1937. Describes house. Shares with Ronald Daubeny -- A.D.C. to Robson, formerly A.D.C. to Willingdons.
3.8	• 23.12.1937. On tour. Bandh. State dinner. Harbhanga Camp. Christmas dinner. Amusements. Daspalla. State banquet - more amusements.
3.9	• 31.12.1937. Tour. Dhenkanal. Describes Raja and social events. Animals. Talcher State - Raja. Writes memorandum at request of Gilbert Laithwaite on deteriorating situation in Sinkiang.
3.10	• 16.1.1938. Calcutta.
3.11	• 23.1.1938. Social.
3.12	• 30.1.1938.
3.13	• 3.2.1938. Orderly murdered.
3.14	• 13.2.1938. Torchlight tattoo of 1/15th Punjab Regiment.
3.15	• 19.2.1938. Meets Father Douglas of the Oxford Mission -- impressed with his work.
3.16	• 24.2.1938. On tour: Bastar State - Maharajah - schools etc., visited. Jagdalpur. Palace banquet - tribal dancing by Parjas Murias and Marias. Opening of new hospital. Visits Chitrakot and Tirathgarh. Sati stones.
3.17	• 2.3.1938. Raipur. Continuing tour. Raja. - young man of aboriginal stock. Chhuikhadan State, badly run, almost bankrupt.
3.18	• 13.3.1938. Calcutta. Protests about rent of house and occupier's tax being deducted from his salary.
3.19	• 17.3.1938. Describes Holi Festival.
3.20	• 27.3.1938. Comments on rush for concessions in Orissa. Refers to a 5 month old strike at a cotton mill in Nandgaon - feels English employees have exploited workers.
3.21	• 3.4.1938.
3.22	• 17.4.1938. Comments on Indian Christians.
3.23	• 18.4.1938.
3.24	• 24.4.1938.
3.25	• 4.5.1938. Shillong. Describes journey. Accompanies Colonel Robson.
3.26	• 12.5.1938. Social.
3.27	• 20.5.1938. Khasi festival. Fancy Dress Ball.
3.28	• 29.5.1938.
3.29	• 5.6.1938.
3.30	• 12.6.1938. Examines Budgets of certain States with Colonel Robson.
3.31	• 19.6.1938.
3.32	• 24.6.1938. The Governor, Sir Robert Reid, departs to take over Governorship of Bengal. Mr. Hogg takes over.
3.33	• 3.7.1938. Refers to murder trial.
3.34	• 10.7.1938. Conference on Boundary dispute between Assam and Tripura ends. in deadlock.
3.35	• 17.7.1938.
3.36	• 23.7.1938. Serious political situation arisen in Nilgiri State. Floods cut main railway line from Shillong to Calcutta.
3.37	• 30.7.1938. Nilgiri situation seems settled.
3.38	• 6.8.1938.
3.39	• (No 39)
3.40	• 20.8.1938. Comments on administration.
3.41	• 28.8.1938. Further trouble in Nilgiri State.
3.42	• 4.9.1938. Calcutta. New Political Agent, Captain Bazalgette.
3.43	• 11.9.1938. Renewed agitation in Nilgiri. Disturbances also in Hindol, Tigina, Pallahara, Talchar, Bandh, Dhenkanal.
3.44	• 18.9.1938. Rebellion in Dhenkanal. Capital in danger. Insufficient police, urgent request for troops and police.
3.45	• 25.9.1938. Visits Dhenkanal - troops under Brigadier Goldjoap (?) and Captain Bazalgette attempting to establish law and order. Conferences with Raja, and Governor of Orissa.
3.46	• 2.10.1938. British troops left the States. Serious strike situation in Nandgaon State arisen.
3.47	• 9.10.1938. Signs of lessening trouble.
3.48	• 11.10.1938. More trouble in Dhenkanal.
3.49	• 16.10.1938. Conferring with Herbert, a Joint Secretary in Government of India on States' situation. Captain Bazalgette goes again to Dhenkanal.
3.50	• 23.10.1938. Both London Telegraph and Indian press inaccurate on situation in the States. Violence continues. Comments on Raja of Dhenkanal.
3.51	• 30.10.1938. Confirmed in the Political Department.
3.52	• 6.11.1938.
3.53	• 13.11.1938. Refunded on Occupiers Tax.
3.54	• 20.11.1938. Cuttack - to discuss situation in Orissa State with Congress Ministers. New Under Secretary, Mr. Ahmad arrives to share house.
3.55	• 26.11.1938. Bastar. Mill strike at Nandgaon continues. Troops called in.
3.56	• 4.12.1938. Visits Muria, Parja and Maria villages.
3.57	• 8.12.1938. Keonjhar State. Describes visits to Raja, the Courts and Public offices. Also visits to Saraikela and Kharsawan States - descriptive.
3.58	• 16.12.1938. Calcutta. Bad news from Kashgar - all Swedish missionaries have had to leave and most of the British subjects. Many local inhabitants murdered.
3.59	• 25.12.1938. Tour with Col. Robson to Raipur. Bad report of affairs in Nandgaon State. Nagpur - consults with Governor of Central Provinces; Sir Francis Wylie; General Council Meeting of the Chiefs Colleges at Rajkumar. Lunch with Viceroy, Lord Linlithgow. Viceregal Ball. Other social events.
3.60	• 1.1.1939. State entry of Governor and Viceroy and Procession along the Racecourse. Governor's Ball. Viceroy's Garden Party.
3.61	• 6.1.1939. Major Bazalgette, Political agent murdered by mob in Ranpur.
3.62	• 9.1.1939. More on Major Bazalgette's murder and circumstances.
3.63	• 22.1.1939. Major Searle arrives to succeed Major Bazalgette. Attends, with Colonel Robson, Conference in. Puri with senior Army Officers to discuss troop employment in Orissa Stales. Comments on Mr. Ahmad.
3.64	• 29.1.1939. Attends a Bhattachari Display.
3.65	• 5.2.1939.
3.66	• 14.2.1939.
3.67	• 19.2.1939.
3.68	• 24.2.1939. New Delhi. Saddened at Lord Brabourne's death. Bad health - attended to by Colonel Elliott, the Viceroy's Surgeon. Describes Investiture. Comment on personalities in Government circles.
3.69	• 6.3.1939. Calcutta.
3.70	• 16.3.1939. On tour nearly every weekend. Cuttack, Dhenkanal, Paipur, Mayurbhanj. Refers to Viceroy's order for gunmen to protect them on tours to the States. Also to Mrs. Lorrimer's book, Language hunting in the Kara Koram.
3.71	• 21.3.1939. Entertained at .5.urbhanj by Maharajah. Excavation of Khiching - 2nd Century. H.A.N.B. is ex-officio Political Agent for Tripura State.
3.72	• 30.3.1939. Describes visit to Maharajah of Tripura.
3.73	• 9.4.1939. Arrival of Colonel and Mrs. Barton to replace Colonel Robson.
3.74	• 16.4.1939. Mrs. Barton sees ghost of Warren Hastings. Meets members of German Consulate including the Vice-Consul Baron von Richthoven and Consul General, Count and Countess Poldewitz.
3.75	• 23.4.1939. Refers to Gandhi interfering in Talcher State.
3.76	• 30.4.1939. Refers again to Gandhi re Talcher State and to Miss Agatha Harrison, one of Gandhi's go-betweens. Settlement accepted. Angered by British Press and The Statesman.
3.77	• 4.5.1939. Calcutta.
3.78	• 14.5.1939. Shillong.
3.79	• 21.5.1939. Shillong. Planning holiday in Kohima.
3.80	• 28.5.1939. Shillong.
3.81	• 3.6.1939. Shillong.
3.82	• 5.6.1939. Kohima. Describes journey. Escorted by a Naga, Nihutuo. Stays with Adams, Assistant Commissioner. Describes visit to Nihutuo's mother, a prominent personality. Also to Khonoma village. Meets Mr. and Mrs. Supplee, American missionaries. King's Birthday. Parade by Assam Rifles Battalion.
3.83	• 9.6.1939. Descriptive.
3.84	• 25.6.1939. Shillong.
3.85	• 30.6.1939. Comments briefly on the Prince's rejection of the Federal Instrument of Accession.
3.86	• 8.7.1939. Puri, Orissa. Dreadful journey owing to floods.
3.87	• 16.7.1939. Calcutta.
3.88	• 20.7.1939. Keonjhargarh. Frictions of a small community. Brief visit to Gangpur State - recent rioting.
3.89	• 30.7.1939. Calcutta.
3.90	• 6.8.1939. Col. Barton has two interviews with Viceroy in Puri on situation in States. H.A.N.B. talks with Laithwaite. Memorial doorway erected in Cathedral in memory of Major Bazalgette.
3.91	• 13.8.1939. H.A.N.B. to be transferred to Indore as Secretary to the Resident for Central India. Gives talk on his experiences in the Political Service to Toc H.
3.92	• 19.8.1939. Khairagarh. On tour. Much illness. Floods; threat of trouble in Nandgaon State. Strike of Mill hands.
3.93	• 27.8.1939. Calcutta. Comments briefly on Federation.
3.94	• 3.9.1939. Excessive work owing to European situation.
3.95	• 10.9.1939. Indian Congress meeting to decide their attitude to the war.
3.96	• 17.9.1939.
3.97	• 24.9.1939.
3.98	• 1.10.1939. Officers on leave recalled - awful voyage, no fans -- dress for dinner every night. Says people are resigned to not seeing England again for years.
3.99	• 7.10.1939. Darjeeling.
3.100	• 15.10.1939.
3.101	• 22.10.1939. Gangtok, Sikkim. Describes journey and village. Hindu festival of Dassehra.
3.102	• 25.10.1939. Rhenok, Sikkim. Trekking, Pakyong and Rhenok. Return journey to Darjeeling.
3.103	• 5.11.1939. Calcutta. Mr. Ahmad's successor as Under Secretary is an orthodox Brahman, Mr. Jha.
3.104	• 12.11.1939.
3.105	• 19.11.1939. Arrival of new Governor of Bengal, Sir John Herbert.
3.106	• 26.11.1939. On tour: Bamra. Mr. Griffin, new Political Agent. Deogarh, Pallahara State - comments critically on. Raja. Bonai State - rich iron ore deposits. Arrival of Mr. and Mrs. Jha.
3.107	• 1.12.1939. Comments on Mr. Jha.
3.108	• 5.12.1939. Jashpurnagar - capital of Gangpur State - Rani as Regent, unique in India; .limestone quarries. Jashpur, Udaipur.
3.109	• 11.12.1939. Surguja. Arrangements at Udaipur Guest House inefficient. Uraons dancing display - dine with Maharajah and two sons. Baikunthpur, capital of Korea State - wealthy Raja owing to coal.
3.110	• Christmas Eve 1939. Visit of Maharajah of Nepal. Endless social rounds. Visits from two political service men, Captain Mansell from the frontier and Mr. Savidge, Under Secretary in Indian Foreign Office. Nativity play at Oxford Mission.
3.111	• 31.12.1939. Calcutta. Viceregal Garden Party. Lunches with Mr. Groth, American Consul, meets missionaries recently returned from Kashgar, and hears harrowing stories of their plight; his friends liquidated. Chinese employees had to remain in Consulate.
3.112	• 6.1.1940. Rajnandgaon. Social events in Calcutta for New Year. Tour - Raipur - Personnel in Viceroy's party. Comments on Raja of Nandgaon State. Prime Minister an Englishman.
3.113	• 13.1.1940. Camp Sarangarh. Still on tour - Kawardha -- entertained by Raja. Raipur, Sarangarh - palace built on modern lines. (Photo-cutting from The Statesman showing Viceroy at Rajkumar College.)
3.114	• 21.1.1940. Calcutta.
3.115	• 29.1.1940. Daspalla State.
3.116	• 4.2.1940. Calcutta. Previous tour itinerary and events. Sambalpur, Rairakhol, Athmallik, Bandh,. Tikarpura, Daspalla, Narsinghpur - excellent work done for lepers - Nayagarh. Old temple at Kantilo. Cuttack -murderers of Major Bazalgette still awaiting execution.
3.117	• 11.2.1940. Continuing personal difficulties. Walter Boulton Cathedral Chaplain.
3.118	• 25.2.1940. Antagarh, Bastar State. Appreciative description of the State & people. Kalahandi State visit postponed owing to smallpox. Dancing display by aboriginal tribes, Khonds. To Jagdalpur for official visit. Sports for aboriginal tribes, Murias and Marias, Parjas & Gadbas. Return to Kanker via Antagarh, and Abujhmar hills. Meet the Hill Marias, & see their dancing.
3.119	• 29.2.1940. Calcutta. Describes end to the Tour. More dancing at Kanker by Gond women.- Job he hoped for had fallen through.
3.120	• 3.3.1940. Job in Bastar State has fallen through. More on personal relationships.
3.121	• 10.3.1940. Gives large party.
3.122	• 18.3.1940. Alipore. Continues description of Tour. To Puri, stays with Governor Sir John Hubback; to Vizianagraw & to Kalahandi where Kharita ceremony performed, most impressive.
3.123	• Part of letter.
3.124	• 31.3.1940.
3.125	• Missing.
3.126	• 14.4.1940.
3.127	• 20.4.1940.
3.128	• 28.4.1940.
3.129	• 5.5.1940. (letters during this period all comment on anxiety about the war). Depart for Shillong.
3.130	• 12.5.1940. Shillong. Leave seems doubtful.
3.131	• 19.5.1940.
3.132	• 26.5.1940.
3.133	• 2.6.1940. H.A.N.B. to be relieved by a Captain Cooke.
3.134	• 9.6.1940. Leave postponed.
3.135	• 16.6.1940. Offered a post under Government of India in Political section of Home Department.
3.136	• 23.6.1940.
3.137	• 30.6.1940. Calcutta.
3.138	• 7.7.1940. Major Cooke arrives.

NEW DELHI AND SIMLA

3.139	• 14.7.1940. Simla, Hotel Cecil. Town very full.
3.140	• 21.7.1940. Mahasu, Wildflower Hall Hotel. Weekend holiday.
3.141	• 28.7.1940. Simla, United Service Club. Comment on servant, Napoleon. Talks with Mr. Gerald Simms, an Under Secretary who explains something of the work.
3.142	• 4.7.1940. Works in a building called 'Gorton Castle'. Cannot say much of his work owing to censorship.
3.143	• 11.8.1940. Feels hardly affected by the war.
3.144	• 18.8.1940.
3.145	• 25.8.1940. Meets old friends. Feels lucky to be in such a beautiful place.
3.146	• 1.9.1940. Netherlands Sunday in India - at the request of Dutch Consul General to pray for Queen Wilhemina and the Dutch people.
147-152	Mostly social.
3.153	• 20.10.1940. York Road, New Delhi. Staying with Major and Mrs. Hancock. He is Department Secretary in Political Department, H.A.N.B. works at Secretariat.
3.154	• 27.10.1940. Eastern Group Conference begins.
3.155	• 3.11.1940.
3.156	• 10.11.1940. Good library in Secretariat.
3.157	• 24.11.1940.
3.158	• 1.12.1940. Social.
3.159	• 8.12.1940. Social.
3.160	• 15.12.1940. Four weeks of sea-mail arrive.
3.161	• 22.12.1940.
3.162	• 29.12.1940. Jaipur State House. Holiday. Descriptive -Maharajah's stables - 200 horses. Old capital of Amber.
3.163	• 5.1.1941. New Delhi.
3.164	• 12.1.1941. Two officers from Department killed in air crash. Takes over new section - including the reception and accommodation of evacuees and refugees.
3.165	• 19.1.1941.
3.166	• 26.1.1941. Describes normal day. Census preparations -much bitterness and accusations of corruption between communities. New Commander in Chief of India - Sir Claude Auchinleck arrived.
3.167	• 2.2.1941.
3.168	• 9.2.1941.
3.169	• 16.2.1941. Move to Simla postponed. 100 officers to stay in Delhi through summer.
3.170	• 23.2.1941. Lists choices open to him for leave.
3.171	• 2.3.1941. No mail since January from home - cables -Viceroys Annual Garden Party.
3.172	• 9.3.1941. Receives cable from home.
3.173	• 16.3.1941. Sir Reginald Maxwell's daughter stays. Sir Claude Auchinleck making a great impression.
3.174	• 23.3.1941.
3.175	• 31.3.1941. Udaipur. Short leave. Stays with Resident, Mr. and Mrs. Todd. Spring Festival Ganguar - descriptive.
3.176	• 6.4.1941. New Delhi. Being treated for dysentry at the Willingdon Nursing home.
3.177	• 13.4.1941.
3.178	• 20.4.1941.
3.179	• 27.4.1941. Simla. Journey by car - 240 miles.
3.180	• 4.5.1941. Napoleon - his servant - 6 weeks leave.
3.181	• 11.5.1941. Airmail letters to England temporarily stopped -- other routes considered.
3.182	• 18.5.1941. His immediate superior, Mr. Frampton, in Bombay arranging reception for evacuees from Iraq.
3.183	• 25.5.1941. Elected to the Black Hearts - exclusive bachelors society - descriptive.
3.184	• 1.6.1941. Napoleon's leave extended. Now owns radio.
3.185	• 8.6.1941.
3.186	• 15.6.1941.
3.187	• 22.6.1941. Increase in work.
3.188	• 29.6.1941. Refugees to India include Greeks, Yugoslavs, Maltese, Free French, British subjects from all over Middle East.
3.189	• 6.7.1941. Political Department want him back in August.
3.190	• 13.7.1941. Comments on the attitudes of those who are permanently with the Government Administration. Comments on Sir Claude Auchinleck.
3.191	• 20.7.1941. Comments on his future transfer.
3.192	• 27.7.1941. No prospect of leave. Blackout in Simla.
3.193	• 3.8.1941. Sir Francis Wylie's appointment as Minister in Kabul a surprise.
3.194	• 10.8.1941. Made Additional Department Secretary for a month.
3.195	• 17.8.1941. Lord Willingdon's Memorial Service - personal comments.
3.196	• 24.8.1941. Prefers work as Department Secretary to Under Secretary as has more authority.
3.197	• 31.8.1941. Black Heart dinner - feels lavishness is out of place in war time.
3.198	• 14.9.1941. Illness.
3.199	• 21.9.1941. Instructs his Indian relief - Shankar - in his duties.
3.200	• 28.9.1941. Still awaiting new posting under the Political Department.
3.201	• 5.10.1941. New Delhi. Posted to Meshed, Iran. Describes post, personnel and proposed journey. Very pleased about new job.
3.202	• 14.10.1941. The Residency, Quetta, Baluchistan. Staying with Sir Aubrey Metcalfe, Chief Commissioner. Packing up. Taking his servant, Napoleon. Quetta after earth-quake.

BOX 4

Remaining letters written from Iran.

United Provinces, Chinese Turkestan,

Indore, Calcutta, Assam, N.W.F.P.

1930 - 1947

Miscellaneous letters

Letters from H.A.N.B. to his sisters written from the British Consulate, Kerman, Iran. 1942 - 1944.

Letters to John Miller.

4.1	• 5 May 1930. Agra. Written on the day of Gandhi's arrest. Censoring all incoming and outgoing telegrams. Superintendent of Police's action with Satyagraha demonstration
4.2	• 20 November 1934. Kashgar. Describes arduous journey from Srinagar - taking two months. Gilgit, Hunza Valley, Kilik, Tashkurghan, Yongi Hissar. 5 major passes. Is Vice Consul at Kashgar - describes area. Strange mixture of ancient and modern. Comments on political situation - Nanking's control.
4.3	• 12 October 1935. (Kashgar) Bostan Terek. On leave - staying at Swedish Missionaries' bungalow. Visit of Peter Fleming writing for The Times, having come overland from Peking in 5 months 10 days, travelling with Mlle. Maillart, a Swiss journalist.
4.4	• 6 February 1936. Kashgar. Decoded telegram carrying warning of agents being planted in Consulate. Plagued by Secret Police.
4.5	• 5 July 1936. (Kashgar) Bostan Terek. Describes routing of letters addressed to Sinkiang as via Moscow and always opened. Only one month's leave granted. Hoping to return to a posting in India.
4.6	• 15 January 1939. Calcutta. Refers to murder of P.A. Major Bazalgette - Culmination of long crisis. Demand for reforms in States used by Congress Government at last given more personnel and armed force.
4.7	• From Kernan, Iran

Letters to his sisters from Indore, Calcutta, Shillong, Margherita - Upper Assam. June 1944 - April 1946.

4.8	• 4 June 1944. Indore. Secretary to the Resident, Col. Campbell. Magnificent Residency. Others on the staff include the Political Agents of Malwa, Bhopal and Bundelkand: Col. Webb, Col. Harvey and Mr. Thompson. Indore Agency controls 50 States. Strict petrol rationing. Col. Nicholson is the doctor - recalled because of the war.
4.9	• 18 June 1944. Indore. Responsible for most of price control. Luggage arrived. New leave scheme.
4.10	• 2 July 1944. Indore. Moves into his own house - description. Conference for Princes from the Agency and Political Agents. Buys refrigerator at great expense.
4.11	• 16 July 1944. Indore. Hears from missionary in Kimen of shooting. On tour: Rajgarh under British administration as Raja is a minor.. Reservoir- no pipes as unobtainable during war time. Comments on Political Agents free hand in administered States.
4.12	• 30 July 1944. Dhar State. On tour. Describes ancient city of Mandu. Visits Ratlain, Sailana, & Jama States with some description of each.
4.13	• 6 August 1944. Indore. What his work involves - re controls.
4.14	• 3 September 1944. Colonel Webb granted 6 months leave.
4.15	• 17 September 1944. Mr. Bradshaw to succeed Colonel Webb. Entertains Mr. Wakefield I.C.S. (later Sir Edward Wakefield, M.P.)
4.16	• 1 October 1944. Entertains two Army Officers on leave from Burma who are appreciative of the Nagas' help. Considerable nuisance of Brahmini bulls in Indore.
4.17	• 15 October 1944. Meets Mr. Egerton who is replacing Mr. Thompson (later Sir Herbert Thompson) as Political Agent in Bundelkhand.
4.18	• 29 October 1944.
4.19	• 12 November 1944. Account of tour to Bhopal, Datia, Orchha, Panna and Rewa. Nawab of Bhopal - a prominent war supporter. Maharajah of Datia decrepit. Panna - diamond mines. Rewa - difficult state, Wakefield is Chief Minister. Mr. Keen - the new Under Secretary and family arrive.
4.20	• 26 November 1944
4.21	• 10 December 1944. Air letters introduced. Mr. Herbert (later Sir Charles Herbert) takes over from Colonel Campbell.
4.22	• 17 December 1944. Accommodation plans for Viceroy's visit to Bhopal.
4.23	• 24 December 1944. Viceroy's visit to Bhopal cancelled. Patrick Keen appointed Under Secretary in Political Department. Christmas social events.
4.24	• 3 January 1945. Four days at Rajgarh - Khilchipur and Nasingarh. The Nawab of Jaora has succession problem.
4.25	• 12 January 1945. Jaora. Visits to hospitals and offices. Meets several of Nawab's sons - comments on the State.- Colonel Bradshaw new Policical Agent replacing Colonel Webb in Malwa Agency. Sitamun - small State: Neemuch State.
4.26	• 28 January 1945. Indore. On tour to Dhar, Jhabua, Jobat, Alirajpur, Kathiwara and Barwani. Visits Mandu again - once a population of 700,000 now 700. Thebna State - primitive - tribal dancing by Bhils. Tobat - very small state. Comments on Maharajah of Alirajpur and his grandson who was educated at Marlborough.
4.27	• 2 February 1945. Canadian missionaries done good work. Kathiwara State - entertained by Ruler. Bagh: Buddhist caves. Jain statue. Comment on work.
4.28	• 11 February 1945. New Under Secretary arrives - F.F. Gilboy. Sir Cyril Norwood lecturing in India.
4.29	• 26 February 1945. Panna State. Bhopal where Colonel Webb will succeed Mr. Harvey. Raja of Nagod. Irrigation Dam on River Ken: Chhatarapur - meets Raja at Khajuraho, Hindu and Jain temples. Bijawar State - Raja a minor.
4.30	• 3 March 1945. Nowgong. Charkhari State. War exhibition, demonstrations by troops, men and women. Kitchener College for young officers. Entertained by Raja at Harpelpur.
4.31	• 11 March 1945. Indore.
4.32	• 25 March 1945. Personal comments. Two naval officers on leave.
4.33	• 8 April 1945. Mr. Herbert leaves: Colonel Webb becomes Resident.
4.34	• 22 April 1945. Visit of Freya Stark.
4.35	• 29 April 1945.
4.36	• 15 May 1945. Germany's surrender. Two days holiday. Thanksgiving services. State reception.
4.37	• 20 May 1945.
4.38	• 27 May 1945.
4.39	• 3 June 1945. Colonel Campbell returns. Leave confirmed.
4.40	• 10 June 1945. F.F. Gilboy succeeds H.A.N.B. then Bazalgette (brother of the murdered man).
4.41	• 17 June 1945.
4.42	• 24 June 1945. Returned P.O.W.'s pass through.
4.43	• 2 July 1945. More N.C.O.'s P.O.W.'s entertained.

On Leave.
Letters to his brother and sister-in-law from Indore, Assam, Calcutta & New Delhi:
30 December 1945 - 7 August 1947.

4.44	• 30.12.1945. Indore. Preparing to go to Assam.
4.45	• 3.1.1945. Posted to Margherita in Upper Assam.
4.46	• 8.1.1946. Calcutta. Journey. Meets Mr. Richardson, Political Service - expert on Tibetan affairs.
4.47	• 11.1.1946. Shillong. News of his servant Napoleon and chauffeur. Recounts arduous journey. Discovers more of what his work will entail and the people he will work with.
4.48	• 14.1.1946. Wave of depression spreading among European members of the Services, - disheartened by corruption. India & Communism. Leaving for Margherita with. Mr. Meiklejohn.
4.49	• 18.1.1946. Margherita. Meets acting Political officer, Mr. Kellett. Opinion of Naga people.
4.50	• 20.1.1946. Over 10,000 Americans in the area. Not enamoured with local society. Says touring will be difficult.
4.51	• 23.1.1946. Describes the 300 mile long Ledo road. Tour programme.
4.52	• 28.1.1946. Describes bungalow. Social Describes Naga dress - also the Konyak Nagas and Semas.
4.53	• 3.2.1946. Tour to Howgrijan Tea Garden via Digboi and Tinsukia. Appalling road conditions. Mr. Stewart host at Jaipur tea garden. Military post at Dilli. Proceeding to Namsang which is an independent territory - Raja called Bong Wang Ang. Results of Naga contact with plains. Much power in hands of Raja's brother, Wanglok. Abor tribe at Sadiya. Lunch at Naga village. Fire in the servants' 'bashas' (bamboo huts with thatched roofs).
4.54	• 11.2.1946. Sumtsi - describes trek on foot with Meikeljohn, Wanglok and interpreter, Wangkop, on to Laptang; marching song of Naga coolies. Marvels at furniture made from bamboo for the camps. Borduria - next territory. Great animosity with Namsang. To Khonsa - meets Americans bringing in the bodies of airmen who crashed in the mountains.
4.55	• 15.2.1946. Khonsa - unadministered Konyak Naga country. Assam Rifles Post and Dispensary. Incident with Raja at Khetti. A doctor from the Khonsa Dispensary and 6 Ghurka soldiers join tour. Has to adjudicate in a quarrel between two villages. Descriptive of the different Nagas and of each days march. Camps at Thinchha, Laju (Layu) and Tuthyu.
4.56	• 20.2.1946. Camp flooded out. Khimyang - Assam Rifles post; back in administered territory. Describes appearance and dress of local people. Describes casework. Yanman. Sema Nagas hymn singing. Appreciation of the Naga people. Changlang - impressed by heavy loads the women coolies carry.
4.57	• 25.2.1946. Tipang for two nights. Margherita - Col. Leitch, Resident for Shan States and family staying en route for Burma. Also staying - Dr. Segrave of the book Burma Surgeon. Plans next tour. Comments on local languages.
4.58	• 10.2.1946. Margherita. Surmises about his future and the future of the services during transition. Comment on American attitude.
4.59	• 14.2.1946. Rima. On tour. Ledo road to frontier post called Hellgate. Misses Meiklejohn but feels at home with Napoleon and the Nagas. Camp at Ningrang. Singpho country -- describes the Singphos. Miao - travelled on elephants belonging to Chief Bisa Ladoi - camps on banks of river Noa Dihing. Food given by villages. Enjoyment of touring:
4.60	• 18.2.1946. Detailed description of daily life on tour. Phalah - Singpho country. Modoi - luggage raft made. Kalanja Ghat - describes usual procedure when meeting village headman - food given. Bisa Nthem.
4.61	• 24.2.1946. Margherita. Overwhelming impression he has of both tours is hospitality of the people. 35 officers and a number of soldiers coming to guard equipment left by Americans. Comments on difference in behaviour of British and American troops.
4.62	• 2.4.1946. Possibility for H.A.N.B. of posting as Consul General in Kashgar. His views on the pro's and cons of this in view of coming transition. Finds Margherita society dull.
4.63	• 7.4.1946. All Residents summoned to Conference in Delhi - possible to give date of departure for India. Attitude of Tea Company to appalling condition of his bungalow.
4.64	• 12.4.1946. Incident between Sema and an Indian subordinate; feels future government of India will need very special men as officers if they want to control the hill people.
4.65	• 19.4.1946. Anxious as has not been notified of future posting.
4.66	• 28.4.1946. Return of Mr. Walker. H.A.N.B. plans to go to Shillong. Critical week for negotiations in Delhi.
4.67	• 1.5.1946. Shillong. Posted to Quetta as Political Agent. Comments on refusal of the Foreign Secretary and Government of India to allow him a posting under the Assam Provincial Government in the Naga Hills. Moving send-off from Margherita.
4.68	• 5.5.1946. Calcutta. (Great Eastern Hotel).
4.69	• 12.5.1946. New Delhi. (Imperial Hotel). Kashgar appointment given to Shipton. Sees old friend Major Hassan from Keman days. (Later Pakistan Ambassador to Ankara and elsewhere). Assistant Tom Rogers. Finds people depressed about the future.
4.70	• 16.5.1946. Quetta. Describes awful journey. Momentous announcement given in Parliament. Says Quetta is incredibly behind the rest of India in its social activities.
4.71	• 25.5.1946. Back from tour to Chaman on Afghan border.. Nice house. Says things are not promising in India as both sides have put off a decision.
4.72	• 2.6.1946. Angry at delayed dispatch of luggage from Grindlays in Calcutta. Describes house and hired furniture. Pleased with his other house at Pishin. District stretches to Afghan border.
4.73	• 9.6.1946. Job entails presiding over many meetings, e.g. Boy Scouts Committee. Airborne Brigade display. Crop inspection at Pishin and other visits.. Meets Sir Henry Holland and family again. Holland starting a dispensary at Barshor.
4.74	• 13.6.1946. Colonel Poulton officiating Agent to Governor General. Describes strenuous day inspecting crops at Pishin. Social.
4.75	• 23.6.1946. Typhoid and cholera infections. Sees some mechanical farming at Khanozai - farmer says tractor did in 10 days what would have taken him four years with manual labour. Ziarat, local hill station - very popular. Brief comment on riots in Kashmir.
4.76	• 30.6.1946. Chaman - dines in officers' mess of Mewar Infantry. Entertains local Afghans official. Sees defences built in 1941-43 against possible Russian or German invasion. Is returning officer for two elections: (1) the Baluchistan representative on the Constituent Assembly; (2) Municipal Elections, the first ever held in Baluchistan.
4.77	• 7.7.1946. Comments on forthcoming elections - seat said to be worth 50 thousand rupees. H.A.N.B. is vote counter. Sudden arrival of sister of King of Afghanistan.
4.78	• 14.7.1946. Social.
4.79	• Missing.
4.80	• 24.7.1946. Camp on Toba Kakar range. On tour with Sir Henry Holland - attitude to his work. Ibrahim Khan - descriptive - Sabura - visits abandoned levy post, Injanai 7 miles from frontier.
4.81	• 4.8.1946. Ziarat. Describes Hill Station. Conference of Political Agents.
4.82	• 11.8.1946. Social.
4.83	• 25.8.1946. Quetta. Comments on national situation - very explosive, even in Quetta. Pishin Scouts - newly formed body to help security.
4.84	• 29.8.1946. Feelings running high. He is .responsible for law and order. Muslim Festival of Id - 7 local men renounce their titles. Some rioting.
4.85	• 8.9.1946. Describes riots and looting and his part in control. Five found dead.
4.86	• 15.9.1946. Tension eased. Saddened to think of the services coming to an end.
4.87	• 17.9.1946. Camp Jilga -Toba Achakzai. Descriptive. Tribal cure for stomach ache. Chaman.
4.88	• 29.9.1946. Quetta, Quiet week. Does not want to serve in Nehru's Foreign Service if India is to leave Empire.
4.89	• 6.10.1946. Hindu Festival of Dasehra - elaborate police arrangements made, but quiet. Invited to join 8th Gurkha Regiment's celebrations.
4.90	• 13.10.1946. Foreign Secretary, Mr. Wrightmen, wants to know his reactions to being possibly transferred to Manipur State. Comments. Prosecution cases arising out of riots. Mr. Wrightmen talks to staff. on their future.
4.91	• 19.10.1946. Comments on difficulties that would arise if posted to Manipur. Residency dance. Under new Government Baluchistan will have an Advisory Council to assist the A.G.G. Intrigues about membership.
4.92	• 27.10.1946. Visit by Field Marshall Sir Claude Auchinleck. Guest night with 8th Gurkha Regiment - their future unknown. Much uncertainty about the departure date of the services.
4.93	• 3.11.1946. Personal reactions to Sir Geoffrey Prior, the new A.G.G.
4.94	• 10.11.1946. Comments on the Constituent Assembly and the fears of communal rioting. Dispute over water rights.
4.95	• 17.11.1946. Difficult case of Hindu boy wishing to become a Muslim. Two cases of stabbing. Conference with Afghan officials at Chaman - very friendly. Cases arising out of riots taking a long time.
4.96	• 25.11.1946. Political tension increase. Comments on local Muslim League Leaders. Meets Committee for setting up a national cadet organisation. United Services Club in Simla to be sold.
4.97	• 1.12.1946. Takes in boarder - Bill Cranston, Under Secretary to Sir Geoffrey Prior. Five in his office.
4.98	• 8.12.1945. Pleased with news of London Conference - that the Government will not force a Congress-made constitution on to Muslim provinces. Comments on his riot case and the fire in his office.
4.99	• 15.12.1946. Issues all licences for cinemas etc.
4.100	• 22.12.1946. Comments on Political Officers in the provinces.
4.101	• 25.12.1946. Oliver Murphy coming to board instead of Bill Cranston. Daughter of J.P. Mills in Assam dies.
4.102	• 5.1.1947. Much wheat sown after snow and rain. Proposed Fellowship of the Royal Society of Art. Social.
4.103	• 12.1.1947. Rumour that he.5.be transferred yet again. Also that Congress.5.keep on a few Englishmen on the N.W. Frontier Province.
4.104	• 19.1.1947. Inadequate offers by British Government of alternative posts for retiring Indian Civil Servants 60 posts for 1,000 men. Indian Government does a volte-face and offers to employ all British personnel on the same terms as hitherto.
4.105	• 26.1.1947. O.B.E. to be given at the Durbar at Sibi. Brief comment on Mr. Henderson's visit to India and political situation.
4.106	• 2.2.1947. Thefts in the Office. All British troops leaving Quetta.
4.107	• 9.2.1947. Retiring Civil Servants now offered posts in ex-Italian colonies of N. Africa.
4.108	• 16.2.1947. Description of activities in Sibs. including the Durbar. Presentation of O.B.E. Railway strike.
4.109	• 20.2.1947. In Civil Hospital with amoebic dysentery. Penicillin treatment. Fears of unemployment for many British on returning to England. Lord Wavell resigns. Changes coming in Quetta Administration.
4.110	• 3.2.1947. Comments on Sir Geoffrey Prior.
4.111	• 9.2.1947. Plans for Sir Geoffrey Prior's arrival back in Quetta. Punjab riots. Stoppages on railways. Mail is awry.
4.112	• 16.2.1947. Depressed: fear of riots in Punjab spreading. Many friends leaving India. Sir Geoffrey Prior's arrival.
4.113	• 23.2.1947. Comments on Sir Henry Holland's work. Received orders to go into question of what files and books need to be destroyed before handing over.
4.114	• 30.2.1947. On tour to Chaman. His guest, the Bishop of Lahore. Future so uncertain.
4.115	• 6.4.1947. Good Friday service - Hindus, Muslims and Parsees there. Many friends leaving. Feels it is sad and tragic that such a fine service is breaking up.
4.116	• 13.4.1947. Hunt Ball. Possible compensation for retiring officers. Three nights at Pishin, Masonic dinner - mostly Indians.
4.117	• 20.4.1947. Chaman - escort of Pishin Scouts.
4.118	• 27.4.1947. Selection of staff for British High Commission. Muslim League Annual Conference - nervousness of Hindus and Sikhs. 40 per cent of the minorities, about 15,000 people have left Quetta. Land values fallen 25 per cent. Indians' comments. Believes about 90 per cent of population wishes British to stay.
4.119	• 4.5.1947. Three choices open to H.A.N.B.
4.120	• 10.5.1947. Guest of Sir Geoffrey Prior's at Ziarat. Sir Henry Holland preaches at church - his last before retirement.
4.121	• 18.5.1947. More on the uncertainty of the present situation - indications that the Muslim League provinces will be more likely than the Congress provinces to retain British Officers.
4.122	• 25.5.1947. On tour to Tobar Plateau. Difficulty of Sir Geoffrey Prior's position - politically. Political Agents' Conference.
4.123	• 27.5.1947. Dobandi. Escort of Pishin Scouts. Dr. R. Halland with party - descriptive of work and places. Torkach, Borchan, Agkbarg.
4.124	• 8.6.1947. Quetta. Announcement of Dominion Status expected by August. Particular difficulties for Baluchistan. Future for I.C.S. officers still obscure.
4.125	• 15.6.1947. To have interview in London - date unknown.
4.126	• 22.6.1947. Baluchistan has to decide whether to join Hindustan or Pakistan within the week. Much intrigue and lobbying. Many decisions having to be made.
4.127	• Missing.
4.128	• 6.7.1947. Has to fly to London for interview and return immediately. Offer from Assam Government. Peaceful in Quetta after decision to join Pakistan. Comments on Nehru and the word India.
4.129	• 13.7.1947. Interview not until after transfer of power on 15 August.
4.130	• 20.7.1947. Will be released end of July but Sir Geoffrey Prior says he cannot spare him.
4.131	• 27.7.1947. Still in a state of complete uncertainty. Boats he may leave on. Ziarat to say goodbye to Sir Geoffrey Prior.
4.132	• 7.8.1947. Taj Hotel, Bombay. Sailing on Franconia. Is glad he will miss celebrations on 15th August. Farewell dinner at Quetta.

Kashgar, Bandh State, Simla Hill States, Hunza, Jamnagar State:

1936 - 1947.

4.133	• Personal file of Mr. H.A.N. Barlow re recovery of an amount of money on goods sent from Kashgar to Hunza (Misgar); correspondence covering the years 18.11.36 - 26.10.39 which shows the attempts which were finally unsuccessful, to recover an amount due from a carrier, Qadir Akhun. 17 pp.
4.134	• Bills, receipts etc., for Kashgar journey 1934.

Books:

Macleod, R.D. Impressions of an Indian Civil Servant. 1938.
Wakefield, Sir Edward. Past imperative: my life in India 1927-47. 1966. (In this is a letter to H.A.N. Barlow from Sir Edward Wakefield.)
Coen, T.C. The Indian Political Service. 1971.

BARLOW FAMILY PAPERS

Received through the good offices of Henry Barlow, Esq.

The papers listed in this catalogue relate principally to the commercial, trading and plantation business interests in India, Malaysia and the Far East, of the Barlow family of Thornby, Northamptonshire, during the period 1895-1982. They were deposited by Henry S. Barlow following an earlier and larger deposit of the familys papers with the Manuscripts Department of Cambridge University Library, which also includes a large quantity of business records. Researchers of the familys business activities should therefore be aware of considerable overlap between the two deposits. Additional information about the family and its business activities is provided in the catalogue of the Barlow papers at Cambridge University Library.

The holdings at the Centre of South Asian Studies were catalogued by Jonathan Spain after a generous donation from Henry Barlow. The papers have been grouped under four members of the family, spanning the second, third and fourth generations of the Barlow business empire. Links are given below to the introduction to this catalogue, which gives the history of the Barlow family and its companies. There are also links to a chronology of the company and a list of the businesses the family owned. Please be sure to read the page about access to the collection, as there are some restrictions on the more modern papers.

You can download a complete copy of the catalogue of the Barlow Family Papers as a Word document by clicking this link.

Access

Introduction

Chronology

List of companies

Sir John Emmott Barlow Bt, (1857-1932): Boxes 1-3: home correspondence 1904-20.For further details click here; Boxes 4-11: foreign correspondence 1895-1930.For further details click here

Sir John Denman Barlow, Bt, MP (1898-1986): Boxes 12, C/2: personal, family and business papers 1934-66. For further details click here

Thomas Bradwall Barlow (1900-88): Box C/1, 3: personal financial and estate papers 1951-64. For further details click here; Boxes 13-35: correspondence with managers 1924-80. For further details click here; Boxes 36-41: Far Eastern tours papers, miscellaneous correspondence 1958-82. For further details click here; Boxes 42-43: Joseph W. Allgrove, plantation reports and papers 1959-76. For further details click here; Box 44: correspondence with visiting agents, special advisors and others 1959-78. For further details click here; Boxes 45-46: palm oil papers 1968-75. For further details click here; Boxes 47-64: business records of, and papers relating to, companies within the Barlow Group during Thomas B. Barlows chairmanship, (in alphabetical order). For further details click here

Henry Sackville Barlow (b.1944)
Papers as financial/joint managing director of Barlow Boustead Estates Agency Ltd/ Sdn Bhd comprising:: Boxes 65-72: accounts, minutes, correspondence and papers 1966-82. For further details click here; Boxes 73-76: correspondence and papers relating to Malaysianisation, reorganisation and disposal 1971-83. For further details click here; Boxes 77-82: technical reports and papers including Group Engineers Department, Engineering Coordinating Committee, Rubber and Palm Oil Committee papers 1970-82. For further details click here; Box 83: miscellaneous papers including general circulars 1973-82. For further details click here; Boxes 84-88: business files relating to companies within the Barlow Boustead Estates Agency Group, (in alphabetical order) 1966-81. For further details click here; Boxes 89-98: business files mainly as a director of other companies, within the wider Barlow Group, including his Highlands & Lowlands directors papers and Thomas Barlow & Bro. partnership papers, (in alphabetical order) 1968-82. For further details click here

BARNES (JA) PAPERS

Given by Mr JA Barnes

Small Collections Box 2

TS of two lectures: 'Planning and prices in India', delivered by KN Raj, Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum. The lectures were delivered at the University of Bangalore, March 2 and 4, 1974.
TS 'Economics of nutrition', PGK Panikar, Working Paper No 4, Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum. 29 pp. Copy marked 'Preliminary draft, not to be quoted'
TS 'Trends in real wage rates of agricultural labourers', AV Jose, Working Paper No 20, Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum. 17 pp.
TS Report of the centre for Development Studies (For the period April 1974 to June 1975)

BARNES (MM) PAPERS

Box 1

Books:

M.M. Barnes, Olla Podrida: a miscellany, Lahore, 1932
R.G. Wright and M.M. Barnes, The modern English readers, Primer, vols. 1, 3 (2 copies), Lahore, 1939
M.M. Barnes, The Gulab Singh model English readers, Primer, vol. 1, Lahore, 1934
M.M. Barnes, Masters of the short story, Lahore, n.d.
M.M. Barnes, Modern English essays for B.A. students, Lahore, 1931
W.A. Barnes, Present-day travel and adventure, Lahore, 1931

BARNES (WA) PAPERS

Given by Mr. W.A. Barnes and Mrs M.M. Barnes

Punjab 1930 - 1947

Mrs Muriel May Barnes was the wife of William Alfred Barnes. He was a member of the Punjab Educational Service; Vice-Principal, Central Training College for Teachers, Lahore 1930-33; Inspector for Schools, Rawalpindi, Ambala and Jullundur Divisions 1933-36; Principal, Dharmsala Government College 1936-39; Principal, Government College, Lyallpur 1945-47.

BOX 1

Envelope marked: The completed TS of Adventurous Bands: The Malaya Campaign August 2nd 1963. Contains the corrected TS with emendations and MS additions. Mainly about the fall of Singapore. Not in order.
Adventurous Bands. Chapter 6. Escape from Java. The torpedoeing of the Wu-Chang. In TS and MS greatly amended.
Old Passport belonging to Mr. W.A. Barnes. Issued 27 August 1945 containing a p.c. to Mr. Barnes dated 24.3.32.
Notebook containing MS Introduction and part of Adventurous Bands.
Railway warrant Ceylon, for Major Barnes and batman.
TS article Kil-boats 1918. Written November 7 1970, by W.A.B. 5pp.
Folder entitled: Officers' Pay & Allowances ... 1939-1945. Sundry personal/Business correspondence c. 1945. Pay bills - 1943/44.

BOX 2

Diary for 1933, but used for 1934 and 1936-1940, while Inspector of Schools, Punjab. Note of touring December 1933-February 1934. Includes brief and revealing records of school inspections. Also letters, notes, scraps of quotations etc., jottings, newspaper cuttings in a bundle at the back.
Small diary of motor trips, October 1935-March 1937.

BOX 3

File of miscellaneous papers marked 'G.C. Dharmsala July 1939'. Containing small file marked 'Pakistan Papers', containing mixed miscellaneous papers, correspondence about Pensions 1945-52, and copies of papers about the strike by students at Dharmsala Government College in July 1939 where Mr. Barnes was Principal. Including pamphlet Matters of interest to British Officers and their famines in India issued by the Adjutant General in India, 1942. The pamphlet included a bundle 9a - 9x of very personal papers.
File containing TS diary from outbreak of war 3 September 1939 when W.A.B. sent to Karachi in the Censorship until 18 January 1940.
File marked: Record of Services of Captain W.A. Barnes A.I.R.O. 1939. Containing Record of Service. TS Memo dated 23.2.1942 on Postal and Censorship Liaison, and further letters about organisation and pay.
File marked: Royal Insurance Co. & Singapore Orders 1948-1949-1950.
File Marked: Pro College The case for the Students and Parents. W.A. Barnes. 3.7.1939. All the letters from boys prevented from attending the college on 1 July by the strikers. Complete list of absentees from Dharmsala School on July 3, 1939. Letters from students and parents who were detained by the strikers, and completed forms from parents who wished their sons to attend college. Income Tax letter and Railway warrant. Particulars of service in 1st World War.

BOX 4

File marked 'Personal file of W.A. Barnes AIRD'... containing copies of letters, notes etc., relating to Army Censorship and Postal Service, Ceylon and India 1940-43 also correspondence regarding recruiting in remoter villages and areas. State of Mail sorting in Naga Hills, Manipur Road and Calcutta - Personal relationships in the Censorship Department.
File marked Personal Cases of Major W.A. Barnes. Papers refer to his court-martial 1944.
File marked 'Punjab University File' containing:
1. Certificates of efficiency in language.
2. Printed Report on the valuation of the Superior Services (India) Family Pension Fund. 1936.
3. Enrolment form and other papers of W.A.B. in the Punjab Light Horse. 1932.
4. Extracts from Punjab medical manual.
5. Copies of letters and other papers written when in Educational Service.
File marked 'The Punjab University' containing:
1. Papers relating to the revision of the syllabuses. in English and French by Mr. Barnes for the Matriculation and School Leaving Certificates 1932.
2. Proceedings of a meeting of the sub-committee appointed by the school board sub-committee for English History etc. for the revision of history syllabus ... 1933. (Printed paper).
3. A note on the English syllabus of the M.C.S.L.C. examination prepared by Mr. W.A. Barnes ... 1932.
4. Letter from Mr. Barnes regarding the suitability of a set book for Indian students.
5. Proceedings of a meeting of the sub-committee of the School Board for English, History, etc. 18 April 1932.
6. Punjab University Gazette Vol. V No. 1 October 1932.
7. Other printed papers relating to syllabuses etc.

BOX 5

Envelope containing MS of Inspection Tour, Kyelang District Purely descriptive of scenery.
File marked 'Dirty dogs & other cases 1934-36. Propaganda'. Includes letters accusing Mr. Barnes and others of misconduct and corruption and oppression at various times - Mostly written in 1934-36.
File marked 'Mainly Inspection and College Papers'. Mainly about leave, rates of pay etc.
File marked 'Propaganda Rawalpindi Division 1933' contaiining:
1. Including account, later much misinterpreted of surprise inspection of Nangal Ambia Islamia High School in 1936.
2. Also account of Muslim League meeting 1933 and ensuing correspondence regarding Mr. Barnes' abilities as School Inspector, and long TS report on Mr. Barnes, called 'The Nincompoop'
3. Anonymous warning letter: TS copy of another article anti-Mr. Barnes, entitled 'An unfortunate Muslim Division' with other letters.
File marked 'Propaganda pro et con me' containing:
1. TS copy of long letter of complaints from the teachers of Islamia High School, Jullundur, 23 March 1936. Contains copies of the various attacks made on Mr. Barnes' character and work while school Inspector Rawalpindi Division. 1933/34 - articles, letters, mostly anonymous. Some letters in favour. List of schools inspected by the Inspector himself and work done.
2. Tour programme of Divisional Inspector of Schools, Rawalpindi Division for Jan./Feb. 1934, Nov./Dec. 1933.
3. Various eulogies on arriving at schools.
4. Correspondence regarding Osman Khattar, Rawalpindi case, 1934.
5. Notes on various school inspections, including the Sikh School at Kharian, which led to a complaint against Mr. Barnes for defiling a sacred area, and the ensuing correspondence with the Educational Committee at Amritsar
6. Various newspaper cuttings referring to the incident.
File relating to time as Principal of the Government College, Lyallpur, 1947. Papers relating to Mr. Barnes' suspension, and also pension 1949.

BOX 6

File entitled 'Messrs. Munshi Gulab Singh & Sons. Printers and publishers. Mohan Lal Road Lahore' containing:
1. 2 personal letters from England about ecclesiastical personalities etc., and correspondence with Mrs. Barnes about her Modern English Readers etc.
2. Receipts for electricity and water.
3. 2 letters about carpets etc.
4. Envelope containing MS articles.
File marked 'Singapore spare copies' containing:
1. Spare copies of articles, particularly article on fall of Singapore.
2. 2 files containing TS articles on the fall of Singapore with map; also newspaper cuttings and MS articles and original letter from a soldier who was there.
3. TS article The evacuation of Burma and others.

BOX 7

File marked '17.7.1948', containing
1. certificate of service in Punjab Educational Service, and termination of Service.
2. Prospectus for Government College, Lyallpur 1947-48.
3. File marked 'Mainly personal' containing copies of poems published in the Civil and Military Gazette.
File: 'Conduct and Progress Register and Sundries, Government College, Dharmsala'. Containing:
1. Correspondence about Mrs. Barnes' books
2. College curriculum
3. Notes for speech
4. Correspondence about a dismissal
5. Note about students
6. Progress Register for Students. 1938-39 at Government College, Dharmsala.
7. File: Government College Dharmsala, June 1939. Papers detailing events leading up to Students' Strike in July 1939.
8. File: Government College, Dharmsala, June-July 1939, Marked 'Important'. Set of papers relating to the Students' Strike at that period.
9. File containing all papers connected with the Students' Strike at Government College, Dharmsala, in June-July 1939.
10. TS copies of instructions regarding Appeals to the Governor-General in Council.
11. File: Appeal by Mr. Barnes, Principal Government College, Lyallpur, to the Governor of the Punjab in March 1947, against suspension.
12. Another file relating to the same subject.
13. File marked 'Malaria as a weapon of war - 1945'.

BOX 8

Personal diary of William Alfred Barnes, October 31, 1941 - about censorship work in great detail - and including letters received about censorship wartime postal service in Ceylon and India. Also includes commentary on the flight from Burma. Later many personal family photographs, newspaper cuttings, quotations, etc.
Notebook written by Mr. Barnes, containing MS notes of a lecture on The Malaya Campaign given in the Garrison Cinema, Fort William, Calcutta on September 4, 1942, by Lt. Col. J. Cumming, V.C. s/12 Frontier Force Rifles, together with other notes, stories and reminiscences. Becomes a diary, starting 4 March (1944) when he was in the Grand Hotel, Calcutta for four months, awaiting, and during, his court martial. Very discursive, describes not only the food in hotel, and individuals he meets, but also the Burma Campaign, the murder of an English nurse; descriptions of films seen etc. and prosecution of the war. On 30 March brings up matter of his court-martial again. Diary includes:
1. Writings about the inspection of schools, and the affair at Usman Khattar.
2. 3.4.44 Beginning of diary about court-martial.
3. 6.4.44 Court meets for first time - Conclusion of trial. Continues with diary.
4. Christmas Day 1944. Owing to an adverse report he appeals again against Court martial and adverse report.
5. Goes on leave with wife and daughter January 1945.
6. At the other end of the diary are occasional articles, poems etc., written by Mr. Barnes, and extensive jottings and notes about his wife and daughter.
File marked: Govt. College, Dharmsala, Boys' explanations, apologies, Agnihotri's request 11.7.39.
File marked: Govt. College, Dharmsala, Personal Record of Students, containing letters as well as records.
File marked: The strike at Govt. College, Dharmsala, June 1939, containing TS copies of letters, accounts of strike etc.
File marked: 'June 1939: mainly private letters from friends. The beginnings of the strike at Dharmsala.
File marked 'Important. The Police File' - Containing the private letters received during and after the strike at Govt. College, Dharmsala. Police notes and record of the same strike.'
Correspondence relating to the strike at the college in July 1939.
File marked: Govt. College, Dharmsala, July 1939, Sundries - Containing:
1. Letter from W.A.B. 3 March 1948, requesting payment of an enclosed bill for the inspection made in March 1947, in the Punjab:
2. Police Memo of 22 March 1947 on the enumeration of British Subjects and Foreigners (2 copies).
3. Sheets of original evidence from 1939 trial after school strike
4. Note about education and W.A.B.'s situation during partition
5. Note about partition, later included in Barnes' manuscript 'India's Tragedy'
Additional papers containing:
1. 6 anonymous letters of complaint from students to Mr. W.A. Barnes, March-May 1947.
2. Invitation to a wedding.
3. Note by W.A. Barnes for the Annual Convocation of the Government College, Lyallpur, 3 March 1947, at which he was empowered to confer degrees of the University of the Punjab.
4. Beginning of a memoir of arrival and first impressions at Government College, Lyallpur, 5 October 1946 and list of expenditure, 4 October - 8 December 1946.
5. Invitation card.
6. Telegram.
7. Letter requesting asylum while tension remains in the Province.
8. Programme of the Annual Convocation and prize distribution to be held on 3 March 1947.

BOX 9

Prospectus for Government College, Lyallpur 1947-48.
Folder marked 'Government College, Dharmsala. July 1939. Sundries' containing:
1. 6 sheets of TS evidence pertaining to the strike at Dharmsala College in 1939
2. Appeal in Urdu and English for funds to be donated to the College
3. 21.5.1939 Letter to 'Mian Sahib' suggesting improvements for local education
4. Six letters relating to College administration and discipline
5. 9 letters and pages of evidence relating to a disturbance at the College in June 1937
6. Desk calendar for 1939, with some notes
9 letters from Hashnat Khan.
8 letters from Gerald Jameson, I.P. Comments on those now returned from India and the difficulty, particularly for the ex-police, to find work in England. News of British still serving in Pakistan and their difficulties - his financial difficulties over past payments due - January 1952 visits Pakistan Ambassador to Paris in London, Lt. Col. Sir Mohammed Nawaz Khan, Sardar of Kot, an old friend and describes his position in Pakistan.
3 letters from G.H. Willis at Ganesh Flour Mill in Lyallpur. Discouraged at present difficulties and feels inclined to leave.
17 March 1947. Copy of demands from the Hindu Sikh Federation of Students at Government College, Lyallpur to the Principal alleging that Muslim students had smuggled unlawful weapons into the Main Hostel. Also a copy of their President's announcement to the Hindu and Sikh students together with letter from Professor G.C. Chatarji (I.E.S.) requesting information about this.
10 miscellaneous letters, including Evan Jenkins and J. Wilson, and various pages of notes
Envelope containing laudatory poems with translations presented to W.A. Barnes when he was Inspector of Schools in the Punjab by the following Schools:
1. Government High School, Mianwali, December 1933.
2. Government High School, Talagang, 21.5.34.
3. D.B. School, Daultala, Rawalpindi, 16.11.34 (two).

BARRETT PAPERS

Given by Mrs. E. Barrett.

Jaora State. 1933

Small Collections Box 2

An account of a Christmas spent by her and her husband as guests of H.H. the Nawab of Jaora in December 1933. Descriptive of the family, the shoots, the palace, the Nawab's pride in the right of 'Personal Access' and the story of the founding of Jaora. 6pp.

See also: Books

Films

BAYLEY (B) PAPERS

Given by Mrs. B. Bayley

Mysore, Hyderabad State: 1929 - 1939

Small Collections Box 2

MS Memoir of ten years in India 1929-1939 as an Army wife. (8pp)

Goes out to India in 1929 with parents after school days, aged 18.

Travelling in India.

Short period in Dera Ismail Khan.

1930 Rawalpindi, and hot weather in Muree and Kashmir.

1932 Secunderabad in State of Hyderabad. Social life, and appreciation of the architectural and scenic features of the State. Incidents of rabies and plague injections.

1937 Returns to England with retired parents, later goes back to India to visit brother, and gets married, as her mother did, (Mrs. Grant, q.v.) among strangers. First home in very large bungalow in Bangalore. Daily life - at first boring, but starts an embroidery class among Rajput wives of the men of the Regiment who were in purdah. Also arranges for them to see her bungalow and to see their husbands on parade. Farewell tea party with the NCO's and men of the Battery.

BAYLEY (V) PAPERS

Given by Mrs. Viola Bayley.

Punjab; N.W.F.P.; U.P. 1934 - 46.

Small Collections Box 2

A brief memoir written in 1975 by Mrs. Bayley of her first year on the N.W.F.P. at Hangu in 1934 where she went to live as the young wife of a Frontier Constabulary Officer. It highlights the incidents of a completely new and strange life, its pleasures and unpleasantness.

12 pp.

Microfilm (No.57)

TS. Memoir of life in India, 1933-46: One Woman's Raj written in 1975/76. (134 pp.)

Personal background. Visits uncle, a high Court Judge in Lahore in, winter of 1933. Describes the social life of a visiting unmarried girl. Meets Vernon Bayley of the Indian Police and becomes engaged to him. His family's background of service in India. Returns to England to be married, and goes out again in 1934 to Hangu, N.W.F.P. where her husband was in the Frontier Constabulary.

Description of life in tiny Frontier post. Touring constabulary posts and villages. Visits and comments on women in purdah. Train journeys - goes back to England for baby's birth and returns to Delhi where her husband has been made Assistant Superintendent of Police.

Pro's and cons of life in India. Comparison of ICS and Indian Police pay etc.

1935 Delhi. Rent house on outskirts of Old Delhi. Has Gurkha ayah. Life in Delhi. Goes to Simla for hot weather but her husband has to remain. Detailed description of life in Simla, daily, social and scenic. Monkeys, excursions back to Delhi in the heat, the rains.

1936-37 Delhi. Move to a pleasant bungalow in New Delhi.

Description of farewell banquet to Viceroy, Lord Willingdon, and arrival of Lord Linlithgow.

Further description of social occasions - decline of formality - social work. The changes in social and health attitudes brought about by the war.

May 1937. Kashmir. Description of the beauty and poverty of the Vale; house-boat on the Dhal Lake.

Returns to England for her second child's birth, and describes voyage back to India in 1938. Husband has joined Central Intelligence Bureau specialising in Communism.

Describes and comments on dhobis, dherzis and khansamas. Life in Delhi 1938-39. Human and animal life. Observations on servants.

Delhi and beginning of war 1939-40 - Gulmarg. Delhi 1941-42. Effect of Pearl Harbour; fall of Singapore and Rangoon. Pressure of accommodation.

Works in cypher office in Delhi. Various journeys to Simla and Gulmarg. News of the war, especially in Burma.

Move to Lahore 1942-43. Wartime incidents of sharing houses in. Simla during summer. Rationing - Lahore, winter 1943-44. Gardens - The Club - Attitudes towards Anglo-Indians. American Forces in India. Work-parties at Government House for the War.

Becomes Secretary to Lady Glancy (wife of Governor of the Punjab). Smoothness and ease of life in Government House.

Simla 1944. Daily life with children and job at Government House. Acting - Annual fair at Cipi - fashions during the war - various anecdotes.

Lahore 1944-45. Beginnings of change being felt - unrest - various incidents, circus, fairs etc. Meets the Grey Ladies; Muslim and Hindu festivals. Different Europeans in India at the time.

Summer 1945. Gulmarg. Trek up to Haramak. Camp: incident of being surrounded by sick people. Feeling of helplessness against the poverty and sickness in Kashmir.

Winter 1945-46. Situation in India just before Independence. The future of British officials. Departure from India and arrival in post-war England. Husband goes back to India in High Commission, but returns, having been declared persona non grata due to his former police connections with various politicians. Recalled to the Foreign Office. Life in England.

Additional material given by Mrs. Viola Bayley

Three reprinted pages of The Onlooker of September 1944

p.l. Article: Simla Summary - by The Dowd. A social diary of Simla.

p.2 & 3. Photographic illustrations of the Poona W.V.S. at work.

BAYNES PAPERS

(F. W.W. Baynes)

Given by Dr. B.M. Baynes

Box 1

Original letter written from a missionary, the Reverend John Parsons, besieged in Agra Fort during the 1857 Mutiny, to the Reverend Joseph Baynes of Wellington, Somerset, 10 September 1857. Copy in typescript of same.
Report of the Jaunsar Bawar Enquiry Committee, Dehra Dun District, 1947. Allahabad 1941.
Syllabus of B.Sc. (Honours) Nursing, Delhi University, 1946-47.
Jubilee Number, 50th Annual Report of the National Association for supplying medical aid by women to the women of India (Countess of Dufferin's Fund) including the Women's Medical Service.
'The Hardonian', April 1941, August 1942, August 1944, August 1945, August 1946.
Four photographs of Agra Fort, 1934-35.

BEETON PAPERS

(Evelyn Beeton)

Given by Mrs. Peter Ward, her daughter.

Small Collections Box 3

Punjab, N.W.F.P., Kashmir, Rajputana, U.P., Delhi 1912

Memoir: 'Indian Diary 1912'

A memoir of a year's visit to India by a woman of liberal views travelling extensively in Northern India. Lively accounts of country and people. She had little sympathy with Anglo-Indian society. Attends Viceroy's Durbar in Lahore and Royal Durbar in Delhi. With two other English women she made expeditions from Kashmir to the Kanuri Pass and to Amarnath. 150 pp.

BELL (FO) PAPERS

Given by F.O. Bell I.C.S.

Bengal: 1930-47

Small Collections Box 3

TS Record of life in the Indian Civil Service 1930-47, by F.O. Bell.

Introduction and background training in England, first impressions in Jessore District under A.S. Larkin and S.K. Ghosh. Transferred to Burdwan Division. Settlement training. Sub-Divisions - Settlement work in Rangpur. Settlement Officer: Dinajpur. D.M. and Collector Bakarganj - D.M. and Collector Midnapore; D.M. and Collector, Dacca 1944-47; personal reflections. 51pp.

BELL PAPERS

(J.M.G. Bell, I.C.S.)

Bengal 1940-1958 A Recatalogue

Box 1

File 1. 1943-1947

Miscellaneous cuttings from Indian newspapers covering politics, war, famine, independence etc. July 1943 to September 1947. Many of the cuttings have comments by J.M.G. Bell. Included are some cuttings relating to Gandhi and Nehru.
Instructions to S.D.O's. from District Magistrate, J.L. Llewellyn, dated 18 November 1943 at Alipore on measures to be taken in dealing with backlog of criminal and civil cases caused by illness etc.
Letter from S.G. Taylor (Bobby) to J.M.G. Bell about necessity of decentralization in India, and the importance of the work and role of the District Officers. Alipore, 12 February 1945.
Letter to E.P. Keely dated 30 January 1945, 5pp, giving his opinions on future development in the post war period in India, with particular reference to District Administration.
Letter from E.P. Keely dated 31 January 1945 in reply to above.

File 2. 1940-1946

Tour diaries and notes made during tours in Chandpur, Kalimpong and Chittagong. 1940-43.
Confidential Note dated 18 December 1944 at Burdwan for his successor giving details of the district.
Secret report dated July 1943 on civilian appreciation of the military situation in the Arakan front (2 copies).
Note on possible reconstruction of Local Government at Kalimpong, 24 January 1942.
Notes for lecture delivered 30 November 1945. Covers History, Administration etc.
Report to the Civil Defence Commissioner at Calcutta on air raid on Chittagong, 20 December 1943.
Report on Japanese atrocities published in Statesman 19 September 1945.
Two Secret Reports on the political situation in Bengal for the second half of January, 1946, and for the second half of September 1946.
'Some Indian Customs'. Indian customs and some of their effects on European living conditions. 5ff
'Mohsin Ali's Village'. Life and politics in a village. 7ff.
'Agriculture in India'. Description of crops, land tenure, inheritance, etc.
Copy of Report on Japanese Atrocities.
To the Editor of the Statesman enclosing reviews of six books, dated at Burdwan, January 1947.
Correspondence between J.M.B. and Ian Stephens, Editor of the Statesman about a letter from J.M.B. and the Maharaja of Burdwan, on a letter refused publication.
Review of books.
Cutting from the Sunday Amrita Bazar Patrika 24 March 1946, containing an article by Everett Ripley, critical of British rule in India.
a & b Two letters to E. Ripley dated at Burdwan 24 March 1946, and at Darjeeling 22 April 1946 relating to the article.
Letter from E. Ripley to J.M.G. Bell dated 17 April 1946.
From J.M.G. Bell A.D.M. Chittagong to the Commissioner of Chittagong Div. 4 August 1943. Account of an incident involving the death of a clerk.
Amusing wartime incident written as a short story My Private Gun..
Answers to questionnaire. TS. Relating to work of I.C.S. officers, District organisation, administration etc., made by J.M.G. Bell when D.M. Burdwan, 28 November 1944. Appendices on Regulations, letters issued, Officers' tenure.
Confidential handing over notes on Kalimpong Sub-division. 3 April 1942.
Report from Officer-in-Charge, Gurubathan Police Station to the Circle: Inspector of Police, Kalimpong on mismanagement in the Samabeong Tea Estate, 23 August 1938. Letter from the C.I.P. Kalimpong to the S.D.O. reporting on an inspection of this Estate.
Ten tour diaries by S.D.O. Kalimpong (J.M. Bell). June 1940 March 1942.

File 3

TS script of lecture 'India and the War in the Far East', delivered 27 June 1945. 4pp.
MS article ? 'India: who'll get the best of the deal?' Reply to an article of same title by Ralph Izzard arguing the case for the prosperity of Pakistan. J.M.G. Bell disagrees under sub-headings: Food; Industry: The human element: United Bengal. 3pp.
MS article: 'Indian Prospect'. Written six weeks after Partition, on the non cooperation between India and Pakistan, and the outlook for the future, particularly for Pakistan. 3pp.
TS Enclosure 3. 'Note on recent experiences in Bengal'. Account of some Partition riots. No date, but post August 1946. 3pp.
TS copy of a letter headed 'Administration in India'. A defence of Indian administration. No date. 2pp.
TS article: 'Ministers and Magistrates'. Story of fraud perpetrated against the Hon. Minister to the Government of Bengal in the Department of Woods and Forests, Mr. P.D. Raikot, which leads on to various other cases of examples of fraud in its broadest sense against Government officials. It is an article on the tensions between the Indians and English - between governed and governors. Other cases: Jiadganj and Pollard cases, 1943; Hatem Ali Jemadar v. Mr Palmer; criticism of the quality of Indian Ministers. 12 July 1944 10pp
TS article: 'A Gangtok Wedding'. Description of the wedding between the eldest daughter of H.H. the Maharaja of Sikkim and Sey Kusno Gompu Tsering Tendup of Phungkang in Tibet. The preliminary wedding at Gangtok. 5pp. 1943.
TS article: 'One dreadful month'. The month described is 31 July 1946-31 August 1946, in journal form. Describes the massacres etc. which took place in Calcutta and environs in that month, and the consequences. Described by J.M.G. Bell, who was in charge of Burdwan district. lOpp.
TS letter (7pp.) 26 June 1958 from 'Bobby', (S.G. Taylor, I.G. Police, Bengal) J.M.G. Bell's father-in-law) (q.v.) about the TS article which accompanies it: 'Last Days in India'. Comments, criticisms and corrections. The article is an expanded version of the above ? 'One dreadful month'.
Single TS copy sheet of population statistics in Bengal and their relation to Europeans, and in Calcutta, and in the whole of India 1944.

File 4

Miscellaneous cuttings, notes, lecture notes etc., relating to various subjects - India c. 1945-47.

Microfilm Box 37

Autobiographical novel 'Dragons in the Fairway', written in journal form about events in India, August 1945 - December 1946 and, and Africa, 1947 - June 1950. Appendix 'A note on the Bengal famine', 39pp. (This is really an autobiographical journal, not a novel in any sense.)

The novel begins with description of life in the foothills of the Himalayas: Hill people and plains people; money lenders; wedding of the eldest daughter of the Maharaja of Sikkim; note on the Maharaja's sister Rani Chuni Dorji and her daughter; outstanding characters; Tibetan New Year celebrations.

War years: organization of refugee camps and comments on dishonesty; communal rioting increasing.

1946. February: tightens security schemes against revolt; beginning of 'troubles to come' in Calcutta, serious disturbances; these disturbances in connection with the Indian National Army trials at Delhi; Eurasian position; the Labour delegation. March: comment on Royal Indian Naval mutiny; diversion on reason for Westerners not mixing socially with Asiatics. April: strikes, reasons, description and solution; in Darjeeling; Tibetan situation and army. May: Hindu-Muslim rioting; methods of dealing with mob violence and raiding parties; court cases following outbreaks and Hindu-Muslim tensions there; criticism of Indian ministers. Congress and Muslim League; visit of ministers enquiring into recent rioting and the intrigues resulting from their visit. July: comments on events in Delhi, i.e., new Constitution and problem of carrying on interim government; refusal by Muslim League to enter Constituent Assembly and consequences. August: rumours of riots from Calcutta; beginnings of serious rioting around Kalna; news of the massacres in Calcutta; criticism of the Governor's action; vivid picture of the massacres in Calcutta; his own district has kept remarkably free. September: more interference from ministers. November: Calcutta Statesman talks of civil war; effects of Americans being in the area; refugees from Calcutta beginning to flood the area; attitude of the middle-class refugees; work of keeping refugees fed and in camps; law and order; strikes, cause and effect. December: ill again, considers long leave.

1947. January: voyage home after ten years; hears of Independence for August 15 1947. April: arrives home. November: reactions to being home; records what they heard of the ending of British Rule in India.

December 1947 - June 1950. Records his experiences as an Assistant Commissioner in Africa.

Appendix. 'The Bengal Famine 1942-43'. From personal experience, elementary history books, and newspapers (1) outline of earlier famines, (2) comparison of 1942-43 famine with earlier disasters and analysis of the 1942-43 famine (3) the real causes and the nature of the famine.

BENTHALL PAPERS

(Sir Edward C. Benthall and the Benthall family)

Given by Sir Paul Benthall

All India, but mainly Bengal: 1928 - 1956

A detailed list of the contents of each box is in the archive of the Centre of South Asian Studies.

BOX 1

File marked 'No.10'. November and December 1928:
Business correspondence received while in England on leave. Information regarding railways - reports on Titaguhr Mills - use of bamboo to make paper etc. - Carnatic paper mills - Government contract for paper - future sales policy. 175pp.
File marked 'No.13'. December 1928 - January 1929:
Mostly business correspondence received in England while on leave. Staff changes - labour problems at Paper Mills - notes on discussion regarding Burrakur Coal Co. - Contract with Tata Iron & Steel Co. - manganese - details of Jute Mills policy - Assam Saw Mills - Punjab Sugar Corporation Ltd. - production of jute at various companies such as Assam Saws, Cement, Jute & Manganese - Madras and Silvertown Oils - Lord Cable's Estate, with reasons for not making Bird & Co. a Limited Company. 180pp.

BOX 2

File No.3. December 1931 - July 1932:
Business and political correspondence. Artificial ghee - Jute Mills - journey to England on leave - interview with Gandhi in Bombay - arrest of Gandhi - Inchcape's illness, possible death and the resulting effect on shipping shares - appointment to the Consultative Committee of the Round Table Conference - return to Calcutta - resolution passed by the Bombay Chamber of Commerce, 6 January 1932 - Lord Cable's Estate - financial affairs of Bird & Co. - India Publications Limited with list of firms supporting it - financial problems of W.L. Carey - staff shortage - Hindu and Moslem tension - notes and supports on coal mines - Chartered Bank of India - Calcutta Electrical Supply Corporation - U.K. tarriffs - draft accounts of F.W. Heilgers & Co. and Bird & Co. - East African Investment Co. Ltd. - Anglo South American Bank.
File marked 'Gandhi'. 1931:
Various papers, notes and letters from and about Gandhi. Also Birla, Sir Maurice Gwyer, Sir Hubert Carr, Sir P. Thakurdas, Ramsay Macdonald - London, October 1931 - Newspaper cuttings about Gandhi.
File marked '1931-1932, chronologically arranged from back to front':
Correspondence relating to the Round Table Conference where Benthall served on a sub-committee to consider Financial and Commercial safeguards. Also on meetings with Gandhi in London. Others such as Birla, Mody, Sapru, Sir Hubert Carr, the Prime Minister (Ramsay Macdonald), the Aga Khan, Tegart; Mrs. Naidu, Lady Reading, Mrs. Subbarayan, the Viceroy (Willingdon) and many others connected with the R.T.C. in London. Gandhi's visit to Eton.

BOX 3

File marked 'Political summer, 1933':
File contains correspondence and memorandum of Sir Edward Benthall while he was in London serving as witness to the Joint Select Committee to the R.T.C. Subjects include: The views of the Indian Chamber of Commerce, North India Commercial Seat, Lancashire, purchase of Indian cotton, Commercial Safeguards, Employers' Federation of India.
File marked 'Special Political Memoranda - Summer 1933':
Contents: Papers relating to the Bengal Chamber of Commerce, Circular letters; Commercial Safeguards, Federal Finance; the Assam Oil Company; Proposals for Indian Constitutional Reform.

BOX 4

File marked 'Political Summer 1933':
Contents: 1933 unless otherwise stated. Correspondence dealing with membership to the International Chamber of Commerce - terrorism in Bengal - Bird & Co. business - re-organisation of the European Association - the Anglo-Indian Community - The Morning Post - the Communal Award - the transfer of Law and Order powers - Special Branches - C.I.D. - the political climate in Bengal - finances for the Star of India - European Representation on Legislature - Cotton Piece goods.
File marked 'Special Political Memoranda. Summer 1933':
Contents: On the White Paper for Indian Constitutional Reforms - Bengal Industries Association - The Road-Rail Conference in April - The Workmen's Compensation Act 1923 - correspondence with the Assam Oil Company and the Burmah Oil Company - the European Group serving on the Joint Select Committee - annual reports for the Company.

BOX 5

File containing correspondence from the year 1933 while E.B. was in England.
Contents: Advertising in Star of India (Nazimuddin) - Reforms and income tax - central organisation of the Chambers of Commerce - Progress of the Joint Select Committee - Assam branch of European Associations opposition - Capital expenditure schemes (Runciman) - Cotton (India, Japan and Lancashire) - Morning Post letters against the White Paper's proposed reforms - Anglo-Indians and domiciled Europeans - Northern Indian Commercial Seat - The Reserve Bank. 241pp.
File marked 'Special political memoranda summer 1933'.
Contents: Political memoranda on the proposals for Indian constitutional reform relating to the Reserve Bank of India, Chambers of Commerce, commercial safeguards. Also memoranda relating to the Thirteenth Congress of the Chambers of Commerce of the British Empire in July. 153pp.

BOX 6

File marked 'Iron and steel' 1935, August 13 - December 30:
Correspondence received while on leave in England. Iron and steel including correspondence with Sir Nowrasjee Saklatwala about a possible merger between Tata Iron & Steel Company of Bombay and the Bengal Iron Company. 273 pp.
File marked 'Political File from June 1935 to September 1935':
Mostly business letters received while on leave in England. Reserve Bank of India, letters and circulars - share issue - Provident Fund Regulations - The Associated Chambers of Commerce of India - letters from Bird & Co., - notes on the Simla session of the Legislative Assembly, September 1935 - Industrial Bulletin of the Employers' Federation of India - the political organisation of the Europeans in Bengal with reference to Sir John Anderson. 320pp.

BOX 7

Diary kept by E.B. Jan 1929 - May 1933. Contains photographs, letters and diary entries. Covers trip out to India in 1929, business and political matters in India and return to Britain in 1933.
Diary July 1934 - March 1936. Business affairs set against events in India. Many political discussions both with Indian and British leaders. Visit to Sikkim.
Diary January 1940 - March 1940. Political and business discussions with British and indian leaders, the Cripps' Mission. Tours various parts of India.

BOX 8

Diary 1942 - 1946. Commentary on affairs of Government and of the Viceroy's Council. Effects of the war on India. E.B.'s views on the Government and the feelings he encounters.
File marked 'Indian Correspondence from June 1935 - 23 Sept 1935' containing correspondence while E.B. was in England:
Bird & Co., business affairs: Jute Mill interests - Association working agreement - Quetta reconstruction - Karanpura Development Co. and Bisra Stone Lime Co. - employment of staff - Coimbatore Cement Co. - R. Steel & Co. Ltd. - Ramgarh Estate at Hazaribagh - Indian Red Cross Society in Bengal - F.W. Heilgers & Co., Rangoon - Steel Baling Co. - Government intervention in the Jute Trade - the Lindridge Lease (E.B.'s residence in Devon). 615pp.

BOX 9

file marked 'General file while on leave in 1937'. Business and private correspondence received while on leave in England:
Coal mine reports, i.e. Kavanpura - Societa Marmifera Italiana - Jute Mills - staff appointments - Kumardhubi Steel Foundry - Assam Saw Mills - Karanpura Leases - business negotiations in Japan (Mr. Tapuchi) - unemployment of undergraduates - Eastern Minerals Ltd. Jute Mills Apprentice Scheme - Financial position of both firms July 1937 - Sirka Bose Coal Mine - labour difficulties - Foundation ceremony of the Dalmis Cement Company in Karachi - Journal of the Indian Society of Oriental Art (Luzac & Co.) - Isco Iron Ore - Lady Benthall's ill health - position of the Star of India - resignation of C.H. Jenner - Trade Unions in Jute Mills - requests for positions in India - Coal Contracts - Katras Coalmine - Rai Bahadur Promatha Nath Mullick, - Draft speech on the founding of Calcutta by Job Charnock - Rules for the granting of Retiring Allowance for Indian Staff in Head Office - Somakunda Baling Share - Note on Chandigarh sandstone deposits - pig iron for Japan. 483pp.

BOX 10

File marked 'Political Correspondence received while on leave in England, February to August 1937':
Printed matter related to the International Chamber of Commerce and typed circulars from the Associated Chambers of Commerce of India and the Federation of Chambers of the British Empire - the European Group, Bengal Legislature - correspondence between E.C. Benthall and members of Bird & Co. in Calcutta and various. Indian politicians - Jute Mills strike - Society for the Protection of Children in India - Ottawa Agreement - Bengal Budget for 1937/38 - Indian Jute Mills Association Bengal - political situation - Jute Mills and labour - papers relating to a meeting held at Chatham House in June on cultural relations between the West and India. 417pp.

BOX 11

File marked 'General file while on leave in 1937' containing correspondence received while in England, July to December 1937:
Reports on the coal mines and Jute Mills - propaganda leaflets encouraging strike action - iron ore to Japan - dealings with Tata Iron & Steel Co. staff arrangements and home leave - safeguards for European policy. 501pp.

BOX 12

File marked 'Political file while on leave in 1937', containing correspondence received while in England, July to December 1937:
Papers and letters to do with the Insurance Bill have references to many of the then political leadership such as Nehru, Desai, Sircar and Jinnah. 383pp.

BOX 13

File of general correspondence, mostly business, received while on leave in England 1937/38:
Strikes at the Jute Mills - a copy of an account of the arrival in Calcutta in 1908 of one of Heilger's early employees - Birds audited accounts - communist activity amongst the firm's dock labour - inefficiency of the Calcutta Electric supply. 540pp.

BOX 14

File of business and political correspondence received while in London at the Ministry of Economic Affairs from August - December 1941:
Sugar production - letters and reports from mines and mills - releasing men in business for combatant service in war irrespective of the effect on commerce - British views of the position in India. 562pp.

BOX 15

1941:

Business and political correspondence received while at the Ministry of Economic Affairs from January - April 1941:
Possibility of newsprint manufacture in India - labour unions - the opinions of various Indian leaders on India's future, British war policy and the state of Indian business and commerce (letter no. 16) - Jute Mills position - staff problems, cost of living - minutes of partners' meetings - letters and reports on various mines, mills and factories - staff salaries. 485pp

BOX 16

April 1941 - May 1942:

Correspondence received while in England at the Ministry of Economic Warfare.
Ministry and Indian correspondence and reports from Associations - the European Group in the Bengal Legislature - comments on various Indian leaders - letters expressing views of members of the European Association on their position in India - reactions of the Muslim League - Congress National Party - Commercial Safeguards - diaries of events in India - publicity for India in the U.K. and U.S.A.; dock labour - British Constitutional Reform in India - the Roger Mission - Propaganda for India. 516pp.

BOX 17

General correspondence from January to May 1942 when in England attached to the Ministry of Economic Affairs.
Deals with business and political matters in India, reports of companies and output of mills and mines - minutes of partners' meetings - precautions against emergencies in Calcutta - different measures prepared in case of invasion - A.R.P. activity - paper supplies - sugar market - strikes at mills - memorandum on jute industries -general conditions of everyday life - formation of labour battalion. 504pp.

BOX 18

Correspondence with Sir John Herbert, Lord Linlithgow and Auchinleck. Published correspondence between Linlithgow and Gandhi. 1939-1944:
Copies of the minutes of the Executive Council's meetings from July-October 1942 approximately, covering the Congress campaign and the Working Committee's Resolution. Papers by E.B. on the political situation in India at that time. Notes, in diary form, taken after discussion with various Indian political leaders. Various other letters and papers connected with the European Association, expansion of the Air force and several newspaper cuttings. 390pp.

BOX 19

Hardack file marked 'Newspaper cuttings, miscellaneous notes and statistics' containing papers relating to the formation of a state bank. 76pp.
Hardback file marked 'State Bank' containing papers relating to the formation of a state bank. Includes parliamentary papers on Indian currency and Indian financial management covering the years 1912/13, 1931/2 and 1939. 118pp.

BOX 20

Typed paper entitled, 'The Political Situation in India in March 1940' 69pp.
Short stories and articles mostly by E.B. and extracts from 'The First Letter Book of the East India Company 1600-1619'. A record of John Benthall working as a mercantile assistant in 1630 approximately.

BOX 21

File marked 'Newspaper cuttings, India 1943-1946'. 144pp.
File marked 'Letters of appreciation (some interesting)' mostly relating to E.C.B's time as War Minister for Transport, 1942-43. 135pp.

BOX 22

Mostly pamphlets, newspapers and letters relating to Indian Railways, covering 1908-1947. 183pp.

BOX 23

Three copies of The Asiatic Review:
Vol. XLII, No. 149 (January 1946), including an article by E.C.B. - 'Transport in India in war-time'
Vol. XLIV, No. 160 (October 1948), including 'Lord Mountbatten on his Viceroyalty' and Sir Claude Auchinleck, 'The British-Indian Army: the last phase'
Vol. XLV, No. 164 (October 1949), including an article by E.C.B. - 'A record of the British business community in India'

U.S.I. Journal Vol. LXXXVI, No. 362, including articles by Montgomery and Balwant Singh

Pamphlet: 'The memorial tablet in Westminster Abbey commemorating the work of the Civil Services of the Crown in India, 1858-1947', (India Civil Service (Retired) Association, n.d.), 24pp.

Reports and agenda for meetings of the Bengal Chamber of Commerce.

BOX 24

Pamphlet: 'History of the War Transport Department, July 1942 to October 1945', (Government of India, 1946) 110pp.
Supplement to The Whip, November 15, 1937: 'Builder of a better Bengal' in commemoration of Sir John Anderson's governorship of Bengal. 83pp.
Newspaper cutting of new year's honours list in which E.C.B. receives knighthood
Two personal letters
Offprint: Sir Edward Benthall, 'A record of the British business community in India', Paper read at the eighty second annual general meeting of the East India Association (India, Pakistan and Burma) at Over-Seas House, Park Place, St James's Street, SW1, July 7, 1949. (3 copies)
Pamphlet: Sir Edward Benthall, 'Business careers', Appointments and Information Board, Calcutta University. Career Lecture Series, No 5, 31 January, 1939. 20pp.
Pamphlet: Stephen Garvin, 'India: a survey for British industrial firms', (Federation of British Industries, 1956).49pp.
Pamphlet: The India, Pakistan and Burma Association, 'A report on conditions in India and Pakistan' (IPBA, London, 1959). The report is made up of extracts from the tour notes of Sir Percival Griffiths made in December 1958
Pamphlet: 'The political situation in India. Full report of the proceedings of an extraordinary general meeting of the European Association held in the Dalhousie Institute, Calcutta, on September 26th 1917'. 55pp.
'A record of the British business community in India' by Sir Edward Benthall, cutting from the Monthly Review, October 1949. 6pp.
Pamphlet headed 'European Association' (n.d., 31pp.) with a list of contents:
"The memorandum of the nineteen elected members of the Imperial Legislative Council
The resolution of the Indian National Congress on Self-Government
The late Mr Gokhale's memorandum of Indian reforms
Lord Islington's speech at Oxford
The announcement by the Secretary of State for India"
"Memorandum by Mr J.M. Keynes on proposals for the establishment of a State Bank in India", submitted to the Royal Commission on Indian Finance, 1913. 31pp. with one additional introductory page.
Command paper: 'Memorandum of India Office balances'. Cmd. 6619, 1913.
Command paper: 'India (Cabinet Mission). Statement by the Cabinet Misison and His Excellency the Viceroy'. Cmd. 6821, 1946.
Command paper: 'India (Cabinet Mission).Correspondence and documents connected with the Conference between the Cabinet Mission and His Excellency the Viceroy and and representatives of the Congress and the Muslim League, May 1946'. Cmd. 6829, 1946.
Command paper: 'India (Cabinet Mission). Statement by the Misison dated 25th May in reply to pronouncements by the Indian Parties and memorandum by the Mission on States' treaties and paramountcy'. Cmd. 6835, 1946.
Command paper: 'India Cabinet Mission. Correspondence with the Congress Party and the Muslim League, 20 May - 29 June 1946'. Cmd. 6861, 1946.
Command paper: 'India (Cabinet Mission). Papers relating to
- The Sikhs,
- The Indian States, and
- The European Community
- Parliamentary debates (Hansard), Vol. 425, No. 179. Thursday 18th July, 1946
- The London Gazette, Number 28711, Friday 18 April, 1913
- 'Copy of paper, including communications which have passed between the Secretary of State for India and the Government of India, regarding the question of the establishment of a mint for the coinage of gold in India', 1913. 67pp.
- Government of India, Finance and Commerce Department. Statistics and commerce report to Secretary of State. No. 324 of 1903.
- Report of the Committee appointed to Inquire into the Indian Currency (Indian Currency Committee, 1898). C. 9390, 1899.
- 'Proceedings of the Council of the Governor General of India ...' Proceedings of Council meeting, 20 March 1904, Government House, Calcutta

BOX 25

MS copy of 'Mere English, 1888-1942' by A.B. Garratt, a biography of Geoffrey Garratt, 174pp. The manuscript is a continuation of a book started by Edward Thompson.

BOX 26

Benthall family correspondence from 1827-1875.

File containing:
File containing two letters, c.1843, from Clementina Benthall to her sisters. Describes voyage.
Envelope containing 12 letters between Clement Benthall, his parents (Edward and Clemintina) and Aunt, Elizabeth Waterfield, 1858
Envelope containing 15 letters from Clement Benthall to his parents and siblings. They describe his journey from England to India, via Malta, Alexandria and Ceylon (Sri Lanka), and then his moves around India, from Calcutta, to Benares, to Lucknow. 1859.
Envelope containing 8 letters from Clement Benthall to his parents and siblings. They describe his living conditions on Indian Army service and his long convalescence from an injury to his foot. Lucknow and Benares, 1860.
Envelope containing:
Small folder of five letters written by Clement Benthall to his family while in England for a course of training in musketry, 1861
17 letters written by Clement Benthall to his family from the ship on his return to India. Also letters from stations around India, 1862.
Envelope containing 10 letters written by Celment Benthall to his family. One letter is to Clement Benthall appointing him Adjutant of the Lahore Light Horse, based in Fyzabad (Faizabad, U.P.), 1863
Envelope containing 8 letters written by Clement Benthall to his family from Barrackpore, Bangalore and Calcutta, 1864. The letters describe army life, the effects of a cyclone on Barrackpore and Benthall's recovery from a broken arm
Envelope containing seven letters written by Clement Benthall to his family. The letters relate details of life in the cavalry, continued problems with the recovery of his broken arm and the disbanding of his cavalry regiment. Barrackpore, Calcutta, 1865.
Envelope containing six letters written by Clement Benthall, four from 1866 and two in 1867, detailing his illnesses and army life.
Envelope containing 19 letters written by Clement Benthall, six in 1868 (from Barrackpore) and 13 in 1869 (from Fyzabad (Faizabad, U.P.)).
Envelope containing 16 letters written by Clement Benthall to his family from Fyzabad (Faizabad, U.P.), Morar and Seetapur (Sitapur, U.P.) in 1870
Envelope containing:
- Letter from Clement Benthall to his sister Bertha, 13 March 1871 from Rugby, UK, while on leave. Recounts domestic details and accounts of his travels around the country.
- 13 letters from Clement Benthall to his family, 1873. One from the passage back to India at the end of his leave and twelve from Allahabad. They describe daily life in the army and his worsening physical condition.The last letter before his death was written on August 13th, 1873.
- Letter from Lt. Col. W. Franks, 20.12.1873, about the closing of Clement Benthalll's estate. Includes a list of personal effects returned to his family.
- Letter from Clement's cousin (name indistinct), 26.12.1873, describing the position of the grave in the cemetery at Allahabad
Envelope containing:
- Four letters from members of the family regarding the ordering and delays in the arrival of the tombstone for Clement Benthall's grave. 1874
- Commission papers for Clement Benthall as a Captain in the Indian Army.

BOX 27

Envelope containing:
1. 42 letters to Edward Benthall, relating to his work as Session Judge in Burdwan and Calcutta, 1833-1852
2. Circular to members of the Civil Service (c.1845) about collection of funds for the foundation of a university scholarchip at Cambridge in recognition of the service of C.W. Le Bas. 3pp.
3. Samachar Durpun (Nespaper in Bengali and English), 3 July 1852. 2pp.
4. General list of Dak bearers' stages on the principal roads in Bengal, and the North Western Provinces. c.1840, 4pp. List showing distances along roads (in miles, furlongs and poles) on routes between major cities and towns.
5. Hand-drawn map: '1857. Plan of Berhampore drawn by Mr Stevens, copied by CB' [Clementina Benthall]. Colour map showing layout of barracks and environs. Includes a list of residents of the barracks buildings.
6. Hand-drawn map showing main districts and populations of Moradabad and Rampoor administrative districts. n.d. (c.1850).
Envelope containing accounts and letters relating to church affairs in Jepore (Jaipur), 1846. Papers cover funds for the building of a parsonage and a clock, the appointment of a clergyman and funds for his passage. 22pp.
Envelope containing 19 letters to Sir Edward and Clementina Benthall regarding personal matters and domestic arrangements.
Envelope marked 'Official papers connected with the career of E. Benthall 1826-55' containing:
1. Counterpart covenant of Mr Edward Benthall, writer at the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal. 27.10.1826 Contract setting ouut terms and conditions of Benthall's employment
2. Pass certificate for examination in Hindi, 22 July 1830
3. Balance sheet for financial account, 1835-1849
4. Share certificate for Rs 6,000 in the East India Company, 1856
5. Letter informing E. Benthall of his promotion to Magistrate, April 9, 1936
6. Letter, E. Benthall to Thomas Waterfield, informing him of Benthall's imminent departure for Bengal, n.d.
7. Five letters and papers relating to Benthall's request for home leave, 1839
8. Five letters and official papers relating to E. Benthall's return from home leave in 1841
9. Letter from James Anderson, MD, offering opinion that Benthall needed moving from Jessore to a drier climate, 27.1.1845
10. Letter appointing Benthall to Additional Session Judge in Nuddea and East Burdwan, 27.2.1847
11. Letter excusing Benthall from his duty to hear a case due to a past financial dealing with the accused, 11.9.1948
12. Doctor's note excusing Benthall from work, March 1849
13. Two letter, 23.9.1952 and 16.12.1852, from Benthall's doctors stating that he should be sent away from India for two years on account of his continuuing ill health
14. Note from E. Benthall to anonymous recipient announcing his intention to retire on the grounds of ill health
15. Letter, I. Jackson to E. Benthall offering advice about his health. 10.9.1852
16. Certificate of ill-health recommending a two-year leave of absence in the Cape of Good Hope. 1012.1852
17. Letters granting leave of absence, 7.1.1853, and continuation of salary during that leave, 18.2.1853
18. Letter of appointment as Civil and Session Judge, East Burdwan. 21.10.1854
Envelope containing a report on cattle stealing in Bengal, 1837, written by Edward Benthall. Also contains copy of original. Do not use the original or remove from its protective plastic envelope as it is extremely fragile and will disintegrate if touched.
Folder containing notes on evidence given in cases tried by Edward Benthall. Notes for 30 cases are included, 1852-1855
Two books of notes and statistics from trials

BOX 28

Folder containing:
1. Five letters from Edward Benthall to his mother, 1837
2. Sixteen letters from Edward Benthall (E.B.) to his wife Clementina, 1847
Folder containing 12 letters from E.B. to his wife Clementina while on circuit, Burdwan, 1847
Folder containing fourteen letters from E.B. to his family while travelling to India, 1826, and on his arrival from Calcutta and Madras, 1826-1827
Folder containing 26 letters from E.B. to his family, 1829-1837
Folder containing 23 letters from E.B. to his family, 1829-1834
Folder containing 13 letters from E.B. to his Aunt, Mrs Thornton Benthall, 1832-1837
Folder containing 70 letters from E.B. to his family, 1828-1832
Folder containing 8 letters from E.B. to his family, 1836-1838
Folder containing 6 letters to Edward and Clementina Benthall from missionaries in India

BOX 29

Folder containing sixty-five letters to family from Edward and Clementina Benthall, written from India and the return voyage to England, 1841-1853. A further 6 letters have been withdrawn from this folder due to deterioration in their condition. They will be returned after conservation work is completed.
Folder containing:
1. 17 letters from Clementina Benthall to her mother and members of her family, 1847-1855.
2. 5 letters from Edward Benthall to family members, 1826-1858
3. 2 letters from Clementina Benthall to Edward Benthall, not dated
Folder containing:
1. 23 letters written by Edward Benthall to his family, and letters received from his wife, 1831-1836
2. Memoranda of Jessore history, 16pp.
Folder containing 12 letters from Edward Benthall to family members from Saheswan, 1834
Folder containing 9 letters from Edward Benthall to family members from Saheswan and Moradabad, 1833, 1839
Folder containing 13 letters from Edward and Clementina Benthall to their son Clement back in Britain, not dated.
Folder containing 9 letters from Edward Benthall to family members from Bijnore (Bijnor), 1835
Folder containing 4 letters signed by Annie Benthall from Wynberg, Cape Town, South Africa. Only one is dates, from 1893
Folder containing:
1. 24 letters between Edward and Clementina Benthall, written while Mrs Benthall was en route to Britain, 1850
2. 15 letters from Clementina to Edward Benthall written from Chinsurah (Chunchura, W. Bengal), 1852.
3. 20 letters from Edward to Clementina Benthall written from Kishnagar, 1852.
4. 5 letters from Celmentina to Edward Benthall from Serampore, Alipore and Chinsurah, 1852
Folder containing 54 letters written by Edward and Clementina Benthall and their children to each while E.B. was on circuit as a judge, 1847, 1848.

BOX 30

2 files of letters, one of letters to the Benthall children from their parents, 1847-1855, one of miscellaneous undated letters.
Diaries of Clementine Benthall in India 1841-1846

BOX 31

Diaries of Clementine Benthall in India 1846-1853

BOX 32

Will and Codicils of Lord Cable. Will dated 30 October 1925; First Codicil dated 3 December 1926; Second Codicil dated 14 March 1927. 38ff.
Memoranda with appendices on the Estate of Lord Cable. 107pp in various pagings.
Lithograph book relating to the 'Mulberry Scheme'. This related to a large number of proposed transactions mainly concerning Eastern Investments Ltd. On 13 May 1946 the Trustees authorised the Standard Trust Co. Ltd to proceed with the Scheme. 58ff.
T.S. article by C.K. Scott Moncrieff: 'Fire at sea, the centenary of the Kent' about the loss of the Kent on a voyage to India. 7pp.

BOX 33

Diaries of Clementine Benthall in India 1841-1849

BOX 34

TS of diaries of Clementine Benthall in India 1841-1849

BOX 35

Two files containing a collection of newspaper political cartoons from 1942-46.
Various articles and speeches on the business community in India. Documents and photographs concerned with the port of Bombay disaster in 1944. Letters from Sri Prakasa 1948-1959. Part of a TS entitled 'A History of India, 1942-1957'.

BOX 36

File labelled 'Sir E.C. Benthall, Political File, 1935 from October'.
Subjects covered include: The Reserve Bank - E.B. invited to serve on Company Law Committee by Sir Nripendranath Sircar - the Vickers' proposals presentation to Sir Hubert and Lady Carr at Claridges Hotel in London; elections of the Directors of the Reserve Bank - formation of a Constitutional Party: the European viewpoint - the establishing of an Indian Institute of International Affairs - employing A.D. Curtis-Miller - conversations with Sir James Grigg on the need for reform at the centre as being of the utmost importance. 200pp.
File No. 2A, September to November 1935:
Business correspondence concerning coal mines, jute mills, railways, government interventions into industries, engineering works, Company Law Reform. 450pp.

BENTON PAPERS

(W.S. Benton)

Album of 72 photographs taken during the construction of the combined rail and road bridge over the river Chenab at Chiniots 1929-31.

5 photographs of railway construction in Orissa, 1924-28.

8 photographs of flood damage of railway between Lhaksar and Roorkee, U.P., 1924.

Book presented:

Mathews, W.F. Report on the floods of 1924. Roorkie, 1925.

BERNERS PAPERS

Given by Lady Berners

Bengal; U.P. 1853 - 58.

Microfilm

Letters of Mrs. Frances Janet Wells in India (Lady Berner's great grandmother), to her father Dr. Francis Ker Fox in England 1853-1858. (TS copy).

October 1853 On board The Lady Jocelyn Plymouth. Beginning of voyage.

23 October More details of life on board. Bad food, good drinking water, other water 'condensed steam' and red. Dirt. Describes Sunday service.

25 October Detailed account of daily life. Land at St. Vincents - brief description.

29 October Letter from her husband W.W. Wells.

27 November Cape of Good Hope. Describes life - goes to mission church, and walks about. Sends bulbs and seeds back to England. Asks for baby clothes to be sent as she is pregnant.

26 December Ceylon. Have landed in Mauritius.

14 January 1854 Calcutta. Husband posted to Barrackpore for short time. Living in hotel, which is described.

26 January 1854 Barrackpore. Describes the cantonement - very pretty. Describes her bungalow, domestic arrangements and staff in detail and her organisation. Asks for baby clothes to be sent and describes the trunk exactly. Encloses list of necessary baby clothes.

2 March Hear they are to stay. Husband in 48th N.I. Have been calling. Homesick for England. Has learnt a great deal of the language. Not a very sociable station.

28 March Moving to better bungalow. Have bought 2 carriages. Describes the great discomforts of the hot weather. Have joined the book club and sheep club. Husband made Full Surgeon.

11 May Electric telegraph established - news reaches them 30 days later via Marseilles and Bombay. Still suffering greatly from the heat.

12 June Have had great servant troubles. Very great heat. An unmarried officer ill - she remarks how sad this is as no one to nurse him. Her husband is doing this and his brother officers.

24 June Baby things have come. Remarks on English children in India. Husband still nursing the officer.

28 June From W.W. Wells.

12 July From W.W. Wells reporting birth of his son.

2 September To leave for Allahabad in December. Have bought tents for the march, which is expected to take two months.

3 October Has been ill. Scratches infected and fever. Preparing for the march, will do 10 miles a day.

17 October Woman bitten by a mad dog and another taken poison. Opinion of native servants.

15 November House dismantled. Enumerates camping equipment. Only 3 ladies on the trip. Attends and describes a military funeral.

28 - 30 December Camp: Burdwan. On the march which she enjoys very much and describes, with the stores. Baby vaccinated. Camp: Sarool. Paid visit to the Rajah of Burdwan. Describes palace in detail - music room - and the Rajah - most attentive to the ladies. Describes the dinner - cook a Frenchman. 100 servants. Ladies shown into his dressing room after dinner and examine his clothes. He is a Unitarian.

24 January 1855 Had received letter at Shergotty. See camel trains taking fruit etc. to Calcutta from Punjab. Attitude to servants.

2 February. Benares. Describes the city and cantonments - the latter dreary.

17 February Allahabad. Difficulty in finding a house. All outside cantonments so the inhabitants cannot .be turned out. Everything very expensive. A lot of social life which she does not like. Asks for ribbon to be sent out. Baby ill.

23 February Allahabad. Baby very ill.

8 March Baby recovered. Allahabad a social place but she is out of the way of going out.

7 April Allahabad society very gay. Baby better.

30 April Personal - about brother, and her baby.

18 June Again finds the heat very trying. Baby with servants very little. Receiving Crimean news in 25 days by telegraph.

16 July Personal.

2 September From W.W. Wells. Allahabad. His wife has premature birth and baby dies - she is very ill.

25 September From W.W. Wells, Allahabad. Wife progressing.

25 September About her illness and the baby.

21 October Tells of various individuals she has heard about and met. Waste of money on entertainment. Ball to be given as a farewell to the Commissioner, Mr. Lowther, who has not been home for 35 years. Mentions various domestic matters, i.e. Tiresomeness of punkahs; having fireplace built etc.

8 January 1856 Her husband leaving with 48th Regt. for Oudh with Dalhousie. Feels overwhelmed with what she will be responsible for in his absence.

5 February Husband gone to Oudh. Wants to rejoin 74th and avoid settling in Oudh.

First letter written under new postage act. A great boon as letters so expensive. Sends extract from Delhi Gazette dated Cawnpore January 29 and January 30 relating to situation in Oudh.

12 March Regiment has been moved to Lucknow, and she is to go there. Regiment to be City Guard, they will live in heart of the native city in an old palace. Each family to have 2 rooms and a verandah. Has dispatched furniture (20 boxes) servants etc. Goes to Cawnpore for 2 weeks and then Lucknow.

5 April Dowlat Khana, Lucknow. Describes living conditions - very public outside their quarters, noisy and enclosed. Speaks of the abuse of the natives. Great difficulty in getting food etc. Sketch map of their quarters.

10 May Feels the enclosure very much and is unable to go out in the hot weather.

16 June Tremendous rains and sitting room flooded. She is pregnant. Remarks on high death rate of children in Allahabad (10 under 2 since February 1855).

19 August Has another son. Out of the city, in a large bungalow in Cantonments.

18 September Describes her house. Mentions a great conspiracy been discovered headed by the brother of the King of Oudh.

6 December Allahabad. Asks for various things like mending silk, bootlaces, merino wool for mending. Mentions rejoicing over fall of Sebastapol.

9 December Mentions the boy's bearer, who may give him opium to quieten him at night. She has shingles and rheumatism. Her husband better. They go rarely to Balls, she is ashamed of the behaviour of married women at them. Three adults and two children coming to stay which she dreads. Mentions a Mr. and Mrs. Lewin of the Artillery.

5 January 1857 Lucknow. Mentions the chaplain who is so overworked with the European troops. Describes making ice in the cold weather and storing it.

9 March Lucknow. Social attitudes towards 'undesirable' people manifested. Has been playing archery and riding.

5 April Describes Sir Henry Lawrence's fete given for all the Europeans. Goes to dinner with him, party of 22. Her partner Major Edwardes of Punjab fame. In the course of this letter she tells of the fire which has destroyed their bungalow. The fire was started by sepoys. "There is a very mutinous spirit in the native army now. Three regiments have mutinied in the last month, and ours has shown signs of it lately." They are terribly upset.

1 May Lucknow. The native owner will sue them to pay for the house. The sepoys who did it thought her husband spat into a medicine bottle, (when he drank from it). Ommaney the judicial Commissioner who advises. A flaming arrow fired at the Residency. She is in a very nervous state.

17 May Lucknow. Have now heard of mutiny rising at Meerut and Delhi. She is extremely frightened in Lucknow. The houses of the 48th are fired. She speaks highly of Sir Henry Lawrence.

May Lucknow. From the Residency - 70 ladies, 150 children and innumerable gentlemen. The vaults are crammed with wives and children of soldiers. The noise incredible. Measles broken out. Officers in cantonments. House surrounded with cannon, provisions for 6 months. Recounts the atrocities at Delhi and Meerut. Is living in terror for her husband and her children.

12 December The Fort, Allahabad. Describes the tension in Lucknow hearing of Gen. Havelock's advance, which did not come until 25 September. Describes Sir Henry Lawrence's advance to meet the enemy. Shot into the Residency taking off woman's leg, who dies. Describes the attack on Residency night and day. Death of Sir Henry Lawrence. She blames him for the siege. Her second child dies and is buried at night. Describes other aspects of the attack and siege. All servants left, and she is now independent. Her husband and child ill. She has been ill in a room with 50 others. Describes being rescued. They have lost everything. Longing for home. Mentions Brigadier Inglis despatches - a man universally detested. Describes her own escapes.

18 December From Walter W. Wells to Dr. Fox. Tells of their losses amounting to R10,000 or £1,000. Describes rout at Battle of Chinhelt.

2 January 1858 Allahabad. Leaving for England. Describes the defences of Lucknow, and the horror of living conditions and lice. Describes their escape via Secunderabad and Cawnpore. Longing for home and quiet. Speaks of people still imprisoned in Lucknow.

15 January Steamer Lady Thackwell off Benares. Moving slowly to Calcutta. Servants refuse to accompany them to Calcutta. Relief Fund have prepared houses in Calcutta for the mutiny survivors.

21 February 3 Rawdon Street, Calcutta. Waiting for boat for England.

8 March Calcutta. Leaving for England.

8 April Malta. They are nearly home and are better in health

Extract from The Bristol Times of the return of Dr. and Mrs. Wells and their child.

Photograph album containing 22 very fine photographs of Indian scenes, probably Bourne, some numbered, otherwise unnamed, undated.

BERRIDGE PAPERS

Given by Mr. P.S.A. Berridge P.W.D.

Sind, Punjab, N.W.F.P., Jammu and Kashmir 1855-1947

Small Collections Box 3

79 glass slides of North Western Railway of India illustrating Berridge's book, Couplings to the Khyber, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1969. A copy of this book is held in the Archive Books Collection - Archive F4

North Western Railway Magazine, Vol. XVIII, No. 8, Nov. 1942; Vol. XXI, No.9, Dec. 1945.

Indian State Railways Magazine, Vol. VII, No. 5, Feb. 1934

BETTS, MRS, U.V.G .

Assam 1938 - 1948.

Microfilm Box 7 No:49 Diary kept while on tour in the Naga Hills, 14 November 1938 to 2 March 1939. Detail of work at dispensaries, village life, customs, dress etc.

Five field note books of a study of the Tangkhul Nagas. Notes collected between 1940 and 1946.

Vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation.
Marriage customs,games. The etiquette of names etc.
Stories, customs and myths.
Notes on ethnological specimens. Lists of foods eaten by people of different status.
Customs relating to marriage, divorce, houses and cultivation etc.

BOX I

TS Article entitled Tangkhul Naga Pottery making, 1939. 4 pp.
TS Dissertation entitled Village Organization among the Central Nzemi Nagas. Notes collected intermittently from 1940-1946. 175 pp. Detailed anthropological survey of the area which contains the following headings: The village community; village administration; land tenure and cultivation cycle migration; village rituals.
File containing vocabulary and grammar notes. (Zemi).
TS and MS notes on certain non Naga sites in the Barail area, North Cachar Hills and traditions relating to them. Maps. 16 Sheets.
File containing notes on various anthropological subjects including unpublished account of Tungkhul Naga burial ceremony and comment by the Kuki National Assembly on the pamphlet Cycle-migration of the Zemi-Nagas by Mrs. Betts.
Folder containing typescript and MS copies of articles, drafts for the Naga Path etc. Copy of article published on the Nagas in Illustrated News of 28 August 1948

BOX II

Loose-leaf file containing notes on anthropology and folklore.
Loose-leaf file containing 35 stories of Naga folklore.

BEVAN (K) PAPERS

Donated by K.W. Bevan

Calcutta 1931-c. 1951

Small Collections Box 3

'India'. A TS account written in 1980 of first impressions made by the country on a young man, (himself), who had gone to Calcutta to work in a firm of Chartered Accountants. He compares the life and responsibilities of a young member of a firm in the 1930s and the 1980s.
'Work in India' describes the differences between work in a Calcutta firm and one in England. He describes the Managing Agency. Mentions the role of banks in the business world of Calcutta. 33pp.

BEVAN (S) PAPERS

On permanent loan from Mrs. S Bevan.

See Rice Papers. (Mrs. Bevan is a cousin of Dr. Ronald Rice.)

Mysore: 1906 - 1927

Small Collections Box 3

A second copy of Biographical Notes by B. Lewis Rice, C.I.E. (with a few annotations).

Newspaper cuttings: Obituary notices of Mr. B. Lewis Rice, from The Statesman (Calcutta 12 July 1927), Bangalore Daily Post; The Times; and Evening Standard of the same date.

The Lord's Prayer in Canarese.

Single Sheet: Proceedings of the Government of His Highness the Maharajah of Mysore, Gen. Misc. 11 October 1906.

Minute on the retirement of B. Lewis Rice, and his valuable services to Education and Archaeology in the State of Mysore.

BIDEN PAPERS

Lent by Mrs. I.S. Hosegood

Microfilm Box 5 No. 42

Commonplace-book made by Mrs. Harriott Biden, the wife of Captain Christopher Biden while he was employed as Master Attendant and Marine Storekeeper of Madras from 1839-58.

Mainly newspaper cuttings, 1855, about Captain Biden and Lord Dalhousie. The extracts are laudatory in regard to Biden, and also refer to his allowance as Emigration Officer of Madras. (p.l-8)

Copies of letters and statements about damage to a ship the Ferooze. (p.9-15)

Long confidential letter from Captain Fleetwood Pellew on the supposed mutiny on his ship Winchester, 8 April 1854. (p.16-20)

Letter to the editor of the Examiner about the Nightingale Fund, 22 July 1856. (p.24-26)

Copies of letters, February 1846, from Madras, about Biden's proposed plan for defence of the Sutlej river during the Punjab war. 2 October 1848, Native Relief Fund. (p.31-35)

Statement of services of Christopher Biden, 12 April 1845. (p.36-38)

Letter from James Forbes, Cheshire, to the Woolwich Journal about his invention of the cylindrical ship's lifeboat, August 1852. (p.39-41)

Letter about lifeboats. (p.42-47)

Letter to the Military Board about acquiring a sandy beach near Fort St. George for safer and more convenient landing (between Clive's Battery and the Commissariat Granary), 17 June 1850. (p.48-52)

Extract from minutes of the Marine Board, 23 August 1856 acknowledging Biden's suggestions for lighthouses on the Andamans etc. (p.54-55)

Extracts copied about causes of fire on ships and of descriptions of various disasters. (p.57-59)

Extract from a letter from the Hon. the Court of Directors about an application for a grant in aid of the Naval School at Madras, 9 August 1853. (p.60)

Poems. (p .61-62)

Extract from a pamphlet suggesting the erection of a suspension pier or jetty at Madras by Captain I.H. Taylor of the Trafalgar, no date. (p.65)

Various extracts for improvement and convenience of shipping in Madras, 1835 and 1839. (p.66-67)

Further correspondence about the Ferooze. (p.68-69)

Various naval engagements and matters described: mostly about engagements in the China Seas, 1804; other items of interest about Madras and naval affairs of varying dates, taken at random; one letter of congratulation about the erection of a light near the Armagon Shoal; other items of public interest; mutiny on the ship Moira, 26 June 1840. (p.69-95)

Letter from Biden to the Acting Secretary Military Board about improvement etc. of the Cooum River, 18 June 1851. (p .95-103)

Regulations of duties of Master Attendant. (p.104-7)

Police boats. (p.107-8)

Extracts from journal etc. (p.109-16)

Extract from the Asiatic Mirror about the massacre at Benares (by the Nabob of Oude, Vizier Ali). (p.117-19)

Letter about the boatmen and their families 10 July 1857. (p.120-22)

Letters about the post of Superintendent of Marine July 1857. (p.123-24)

Extract from Colburn's United Service Magazine and Naval and Military Journal, about collisions at sea. (p.125-27)

Lists of ships lost at or near Madras between October 1842 and March 1853 owing to the insecurity of the anchorage etc. (p.127-30)

Letters (all September 1857) about various officers on the ship Flying Foam, especially Captain Thomas Hines and his conduct. (p.133-37)

The Fusiliers Fund and the Patriotic Fund organised by Biden. (p.140-46)

Biden's letter about relief for the widows and children in Bangalore, 8 December 1857. (p.147)

Two pages later there are newspaper cuttings of obituary notices of Biden, 'one of the kindest hearted men that the world contained' and the Biden testimonial.

A photograph album kept by Mrs. Biden at Ellichpoor, Aurungabad and camp, in and around 1864 was lent by Mrs. I. Hosegood for a short time, but returned. It showed in a remarkably detailed way life in a small Indian station: the society, houses, amusements, clothing, servants etc., as well as drawing a nice distinction between the indigenous and English population.

BIGGIE PAPERS

Given by Patrick Biggie, OBE and Mrs Biggie.

Mr Biggie was a member of the Indian Police serving in the U.P. 1941-44.

Box 1

Typed copies of letters from Patrick Biggie to his fiancée Margaret Barnes, and from her to him. Mainly personal describing their lives: he as an Assistant Superintendent of Police at Gorakhpur, Deoria, Cawnpore and later as Superintendent of Police at Bijnor and Sitapur; she as a teacher in London and Windsor. Some descriptions of Congress instigated unrest, August 1942 and riots in Kanpur. Later letters largely taken up with their attempts to get Miss Barnes a passage to India to join him.
4 files:
- 1941, 99ff
- 1942, 149ff
- 1943, 205ff
- 1944, 117ff

BOX 2

Four short stores by Patrick Biggie:

The Dak Bungalow. 5 ff.
Mediterranean cruise. 11 ff.
The Judge's tale. 10 ff.
The Club. 11 ff. 1 envelope

Typescript of an unpublished novel by Mr Biggie: 'The Plains and the Hills'. The story takes place in the fictional district of Hafizpur and deals with the lives and romantic entanglements of the Collector, Sebastian Wood, the Superintendent of Police, Kenneth Stuart, and their wives. The novel is set against a background of Congress agitation in the 1930s. 175pp.

BIRKMYRE PAPERS

Given by Sir Henry and Lady Birkmyre

Bengal: 1880 - 1945

Small Collections Box 3

Hastings Air Base: Headquarters U.S.A.A.F. India-Burma Theater.

Printed December 1945.

A pictorial record of Hastings Factory in World War II when it was turned from a jute factory into the U.S.A.A.F. H.Q. Hastings Mill had been owned by the Birkmyre's who bought the land (previously owned. by Warren Hastings as a summer home) and in 1874 built the first jute mill in India. It became the largest mill under one roof. The mill was dismantled by the U.S.A.A.F. and after the war reassembled by them.
Brief history of the Birkmyre connection with India written in a letter by Sir Henry on 3 December 1975.
Copy of pictorial record of Hastings Factory during the 1914-18 War when the factory changed from jute manufacture to munitions.
Copy of Scrapbook of newspaper cuttings about Lt. Colonel A.M. Shewell of the Bombay Staff Corps who died from wounds received in the retreat from Kandahar on the 2 September 1880. (Lt. Colonel Shewell was Lady Birkmyre's grandfather).
Copy of a MS letter written on 7 November 1897 by an officer in an unnamed regiment supporting the Dorset and Northamptonshire Regiments in an action on the N.W.F.P. The letter vividly describes the action and subsequent forays and retributive sorties.

BISHOP PAPERS

Lent by Mr. A. Bishop

Bengal 1887-1916

Printed material:

Bengal Past and Present:
- Vol. I No. 1 July 1907
- Vol. I No. 2 Oct 1907
- Vol. II No. 2 April 1908
- Vol. II No. 3 July 1908

Bengal Past and Present:
- No. 6 Oct 1908
>Annual Report of the Calcutta Historical Society - ending 31 December 1907.
Misc. illustrations from Bengal Past and Present
Indian Ink: splashes from various pens ed. by Everard Digby. (In aid of the Imperial Indian War Fund. Thacker Spink & Co. Calcutta 1914)
Offprint from The Irish Sword.: An Irishwoman's account of the Indian Mutiny, by Anthony Bishop (article on the memoir of Esther Annie Betts, of the Indian Mutiny, written in 1902. See Matthew Papers, Vol. I): Xerox copy of additional genealogical material about Nicholson and Betts family (put with account of the Mutiny by Esther Annie Betts in Matthews file q.v.)
Newmans Railway Map of India belonging to C.C. Betts in 1887 and marked by him.
Printed pamphlet describing work of Lady Carmichael's Bengal Women's Fund together with letters of recommendation and thanks to Mrs. Betts.
Mrs. Betts - housekeeping book - India 1902-1904: Xerox copy of a brief outline account by Mr. A.W. Bishop's grandmother, Mrs. B.A. Betts, of her husband's life in India, written probably in 1951. Her husband was Cecil Coulter Betts who worked first for an optical firm, and later became a jute merchant through his own initiative, building factories and opening agencies in Chanpar, Akhpura, Chatalpar.
Xerox copies of The Gazette of India, July 15, 1916
Church news and notes, Narayanganj, Vol. II, No. 2, June 6, 1908

Held separately in photograph collection:

16 photographs belonging to Betts family with original captions:

Native boat on River Megna at Chandpur, (or Chandpore), (probably circa 1908).
Cecil Coulter Betts (August 1865-April 1946) when a Sergeant in 1st Bn. Calcutta Volunteer Rifles (prior to 1 April 1916 when he was commissioned 2nd Lieut.).
Mrs. Louisa Alice Betts (September 1871-May 1956) St. John Ambulance Brigade First Aid Certificate, 21 September 1915.
Apsar (Kitmagar) and ? (Bearer) both with Betts family in Chandpur, later in Calcutta till leaving India in 1917. The family heard that Apsar was murdered by his grandson shortly after second World War.
Mrs. Betts' St. John Ambulance and Red Cross certificate of thanks for voluntary work on behalf of the sick and wounded, 1918.
Officers, NCOs and men of the 1st Battalion, The Calcutta Volunteer Rifles, 1915. (Sgt. C.C. Betts seated third from left).
The Household at Boreland Road, Calcutta, 1917. Lieut. C.C. Betts, Veteran Corps; Mrs. Betts, St. John Ambulance, attached V. Corps; Corporal H.N. Betts, Calcutta Light Horse; Private Doyle, Calcutta Scottish.
Some of the workers at the Depot. Front row sitting from left to right: Mrs. Betts; Mrs. Smythe; Mrs. Body; Committee: (Miss Graham; Mrs. Bates; Mrs. Bray; Mrs. Wyness (?)); Mrs. Moore; Miss Bates; Miss ? ; Mrs. Firmingher. Probably 1917.
CCB's Chandpur Bungalow. CCB standing on jetty. 1907, by Mr. Meiire.
Bahadur Singh (probably CCB's bearer prior to his marriage while he was working for Mr. Lazarus. See LAB's account of CCB's life.
Chandpur (or Chandpore) Tipperah District, Assam 1908. (The Betts' bungalow).
Chandpur 1908. (Another view of the Betts' bungalow).
(Chandpur) bungalow, 1907. Back view. (From right of picture), Tank; Servant's houses (above and behind Tank); Food house; Cooler house; Back of Bungalow. (n.d. presumably 1907/08 and presumably Chandpur).
The Betts' bungalow at Chandpur during a river flood. (n.d. presumably 1907/08).
Cosmopolitan Chandpore: front sitting left to right, Mr. Vas, Portuguese, Magistrate; Mr. Barker, Scottish, Jute; centre seated left to right, Mr. Bell, Steamer agent, Scottish; Mrs. C.C. Betts, Irish; C.C. Betts, ? Jute; back standing, Mr. Georgiades, Assistant C.C. Betts and Co., Greek; Mr. Longman, Jute, Scottish. (n.d. probably 1898/99).
Mrs. Betts with Eric Bourne Coulter Betts, (January 1897/October 1971) and unnamed bearer and ayah, Chandpore, March 1897).

BLACKTON PAPERS

Given by C.S. Blackton

Ceylon: 1920s

Small Collections Box 3

Paper entitled: 'The Europeans of the Ceylon Civil Service in the Nineteen Twenties: The View from the Kachcheri', Charles S. Blackton.
Given to a Postgraduate Seminar in the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, University of London, on 13 January 1976. 6pp.

BLACKWELL PAPERS

Given by Mrs Leila Phillips (nee Blackwell).

Small Collections Box 3

Memoir: 'A Year in the Gilgit Agency'. 130pp, typescript, with xerox reproductions of photographs.
Miss Blackwell spent a year in the Gilgit Agency between September 1929 and August 1930 when she stayed with Captain Arthur Lloyd and his wife Lucy. Captain Lloyd, evidently an Army Officer, had been posted to Gilgit.
Miss Blackwell provides a vivid and detailed account of the outward journey through the mountains from Bandipur to Gilgit. This took two weeks and was fraught with a considerable number of physical hazards. On arrival she was impressed with the size of Gilgit and she found there were many social activities, particularly riding and polo. She describes a durbar held for neighbouring rajas which involved various formal ceremonies including a parade of the Frontier Scouts.
Undoubtedly the highlight of Miss Blackwell's visit was the trek she made in April 1930 to Hunza and Nagar. Again the journey is described thoroughly and again it was hazardous - at one point the party had to be helped through a road blocked by a sudden avalanche. In Hunza she met the Mir who turned out to be a most affable man with many stories to tell. She was also introduced to his wife, the Rana, whom she taught fairisle knitting.

The chapters in Miss Blackwell's memoir are as follows:
1. The trek from Srinagar to Gilgit.
2. Life in the Agency.
3. Trek from Hunza and Nagar.
4. Back in Gilgit.
5. Off to camp.
6. In camp at Ramah and return to Srinagar.